Abstract
Water and nitrogen (N) nutrition are two key factors affecting nutrient absorption growth and biomass production of vegetables. However, less information is available to the interaction between water utilization and nitrogen use efficiency in vegetable production. In this study, a combination of three water levels and three nitrogen fertilizer rates was applied to optimize water and nitrogen application in field experiments. Plant traits, biomass production, and allocation were determined. The fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem, and root significantly decreased when irrigation water was short. Total aboveground biomass decreased in response to deficit irrigation. Leaf chlorophyll concentrations decreased when nitrogen fertilizer reduced. The leaf area was highest when spinach was grown under 170 kg ha−1 of nitrogen fertilizer and 70–80% of field capacity. These results suggested that spinach could be planted with good growth and quality by implementing effective water and nitrogen managements.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Short irrigation significantly reduced fresh and dry weights of spinach leaves, stems and roots.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceat0 - Treatment
- irrigation water was shorte0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem, and roote0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem, and root significantly decreased when irrigation water was short.”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased total aboveground biomass.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- deficit irrigatione0
- Outcome
- Total aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total aboveground biomass decreased in response to deficit irrigation.”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced nitrogen fertilizer decreased leaf chlorophyll concentrations.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilizer reducede0
- Outcome
- Leaf chlorophyll concentrationse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf chlorophyll concentrations decreased when nitrogen fertilizer reduced.”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area was highest at 170 kg ha−1 nitrogen and 70–80% field capacity.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- 170 kg ha−1 of nitrogen fertilizer and 70–80% of field capacitye0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The leaf area was highest when spinach was grown under 170 kg ha−1 of nitrogen fertilizer and 70–80% of field capacity.”
t0“spinach”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest effective water and nitrogen management for good spinach growth and quality.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- effective water and nitrogen managementse0
- Outcome
- good growth and qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggested that spinach could be planted with good growth and quality by implementing effective water and nitrogen managements.”
t0“spinach”
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.