Abstract
Water stress, one of the environmental stresses, is the most significant factor restricting plant production on majority of agricultural fields of the world. Wheat is grown on arid-agricultural fields and drought often causes serious problems in wheat production in these fields. So, the present study was conducted to investigate whether the application of salicylic acid (SA) and zinc (Zn) could regulate the relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI%), electrolyte leakage (EL), soluble carbohydrate content, soluble protein content, proline content, activities of antioxidant non enzymes and enzymes as well as ameliorate the adverse effects of drought stress on wheat. The magnitude of reduction, increased by increasing the drought level. Drought stress at grain filling stage significantly decreased plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, relative water content, but significant increases were observed in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) in wheat plants. Both salicylic acid or zinc treatments had greater changes in most of the assayed parameters. The adverse effects of drought as regards the growth characters and yield components were significantly mitigated by SA and Zn supplement. Application of SA or caused great variations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Under the normal irrigation condition, addition of SA or Zn markedly increased the activity of both SOD and CAT, however the activity of both POX and GR was significantly decreased. Addition of SA or Zn markedly reduced the increases in the activities of SOD, POX, CAT and GR observed in drought stressed plants. Statistically, Pearson correlation showed there were positive correlations between weight of 1000 grains and morphology, biochemical assay. However, there was no correlation between weight of 1000 grains with proline content and GR activity. Generally, it could be concluded that SA or Zn has (to more extent) a beneficial regulatory role in plants grown under drought stress conditions.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling drought significantly reduced wheat height, spike length and grains per spike.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Drought stress at grain filling stagee0
- Outcome
- plant height, spike length, number of grains/spikee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress at grain filling stage significantly decreased plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling drought significantly reduced thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stress at grain filling stagee0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress at grain filling stage significantly decreased plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling drought significantly reduced relative water content.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stress at grain filling stagee0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress at grain filling stage significantly decreased plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, relative water content”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling drought significantly increased SOD, POX and CAT activities.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse1
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT)e0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increases were observed in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT)”
t0“Wheat”
e1“Drought stress at grain filling stage significantly decreased plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain-filling drought significantly increased GR activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse1
- Outcome
- glutathione reductase (GR)e0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increases were observed in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR)”
t0“Wheat”
e1“Drought stress at grain filling stage significantly decreased plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike”
Claim · model-written summary
SA mitigated drought effects on growth characters and yield components.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- growth characters and yield componentse0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Comparator
- droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The adverse effects of drought as regards the growth characters and yield components were significantly mitigated by SA and Zn supplement”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn mitigated drought effects on growth characters and yield components.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- growth characters and yield componentse0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Comparator
- droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The adverse effects of drought as regards the growth characters and yield components were significantly mitigated by SA and Zn supplement”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under normal irrigation, SA increased SOD and CAT activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- activity of both SOD and CATe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- normal irrigation conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the normal irrigation condition, addition of SA or Zn markedly increased the activity of both SOD and CAT”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under normal irrigation, Zn increased SOD and CAT activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- activity of both SOD and CATe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- normal irrigation conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the normal irrigation condition, addition of SA or Zn markedly increased the activity of both SOD and CAT”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under normal irrigation, SA decreased POX and GR activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- activity of both POX and GRe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- normal irrigation conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the normal irrigation condition, addition of SA or Zn markedly increased the activity of both SOD and CAT, however the activity of both POX and GR was significantly decreased”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under normal irrigation, Zn decreased POX and GR activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- activity of both POX and GRe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- normal irrigation conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under the normal irrigation condition, addition of SA or Zn markedly increased the activity of both SOD and CAT, however the activity of both POX and GR was significantly decreased”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SA reduced drought-related increases in SOD, POX and CAT activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- activities of SOD, POX, CATe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of SA or Zn markedly reduced the increases in the activities of SOD, POX, CAT and GR observed in drought stressed plants”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn reduced drought-related increases in SOD, POX and CAT activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- activities of SOD, POX, CATe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of SA or Zn markedly reduced the increases in the activities of SOD, POX, CAT and GR observed in drought stressed plants”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SA reduced drought-related increases in GR activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- GRe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of SA or Zn markedly reduced the increases in the activities of SOD, POX, CAT and GR observed in drought stressed plants”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn reduced drought-related increases in GR activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- GRe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of SA or Zn markedly reduced the increases in the activities of SOD, POX, CAT and GR observed in drought stressed plants”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thousand-grain weight was positively correlated with morphology and biochemical assays.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- morphology, biochemical assaye0
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 grainse0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between weight of 1000 grains and morphology, biochemical assay”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thousand-grain weight was uncorrelated with proline content.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 grainse0
- Direction
- no correlatione0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no correlation between weight of 1000 grains with proline content and GR activity”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Thousand-grain weight was uncorrelated with GR activity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- GRe0
- Outcome
- weight of 1000 grainse0
- Direction
- no correlatione0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no correlation between weight of 1000 grains with proline content and GR activity”
t0“Wheat”
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