Abstract
Abstract We studied the effect of seed treatment with salicylic acid (SA, 100 μM) on seed germination, growth, the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and the functioning of a number of components of the antioxidant system in wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) Zlata variety grown with optimal (2 μM) or excess (1500 µM) zinc content in the root environment. It has been shown that excess zinc has an inhibitory effect on root and shoot growth and also enhances the accumulation of one of the indicators of LPO development: malondialdehyde (MDA). At the same time, the structural integrity of the membranes was maintained, as indicated by the absence of changes in membrane permeability, recorded by the yield of electrolytes. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), did not change under these conditions, but the activity of guaiacol-specific peroxidase (GPO) decreased. Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μM, which stimulates their germination, enhanced the negative effect of excess zinc on growth performance and MDA accumulation in wheat leaves. However, in this case, the yield of electrolytes did not increase, which is presumably due to an increase in the activity of SOD and GPO. Based on the data presented in the work and previously obtained, as well as an analysis of the literature, it was concluded that the response of plants to excess zinc in the external environment, like the reaction to other abiotic stresses, is not only multicomponent and multiechelon but also variable, depending on many factors and circumstances: the dose of exposure (zinc concentration and duration of its action), biological characteristics of the plant species (variety), their age condition, etc. Treatment of seeds with SA can change the nature of the plant’s response to the action of excess zinc, and the direction of these changes will, in turn, depend on the concentration of SA, the duration of its action, and the method of treatment.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Excess zinc inhibited wheat root and shoot growth.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Zlatae0
- Treatment
- excess zince1
- Outcome
- root and shoot growthe1
- Direction
- inhibitorye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) Zlata variety”
e1“excess zinc has an inhibitory effect on root and shoot growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess zinc increased malondialdehyde accumulation.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- excess zince1
- Outcome
- accumulation of one of the indicators of LPO development: malondialdehyde (MDA)e1
- Direction
- enhancese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) Zlata variety”
e1“excess zinc has an inhibitory effect on root and shoot growth and also enhances the accumulation of one of the indicators of LPO development: malondialdehyde (MDA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Membrane permeability did not change under excess zinc.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- excess (1500 µM) zince2
- Outcome
- membrane permeabilitye1
- Direction
- absence of changese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“absence of changes in membrane permeability”
e2“grown with optimal (2 μM) or excess (1500 µM) zinc content in the root environment”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD and CAT activity did not change under excess zinc.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- excess (1500 µM) zince2
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)e1
- Direction
- did not changee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), did not change under these conditions”
e2“grown with optimal (2 μM) or excess (1500 µM) zinc content in the root environment”
Claim · model-written summary
GPO activity decreased under excess zinc.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- excess (1500 µM) zince2
- Outcome
- activity of guaiacol-specific peroxidase (GPO)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“activity of guaiacol-specific peroxidase (GPO) decreased”
e2“grown with optimal (2 μM) or excess (1500 µM) zinc content in the root environment”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with 100 μM salicylic acid stimulated germination.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SA at a concentration of 100 μMe1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- stimulatese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μM, which stimulates their germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed salicylic acid enhanced the adverse growth effect of excess zinc.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μMe1
- Outcome
- growth performancee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Qualifier
- excess zince1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μM, which stimulates their germination, enhanced the negative effect of excess zinc on growth performance and MDA accumulation in wheat leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed salicylic acid enhanced MDA accumulation under excess zinc.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μMe1
- Outcome
- MDA accumulation in wheat leavese1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μM, which stimulates their germination, enhanced the negative effect of excess zinc on growth performance and MDA accumulation in wheat leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrolyte yield did not increase with salicylic acid and excess zinc.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μMe2
- Outcome
- yield of electrolytese1
- Direction
- did not increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“in this case, the yield of electrolytes did not increase”
e2“Treatment of seeds with SA at a concentration of 100 μM”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute unchanged electrolyte yield to increased SOD and GPO activity.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum L.Triticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- yield of electrolytes did not increasee1
- Qualifier
- an increase in the activity of SOD and GPOe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triticum aestivum L.”
e1“the yield of electrolytes did not increase, which is presumably due to an increase in the activity of SOD and GPO”
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