Abstract
Seed ageing during storage is a complex biochemical and physiological process that can lead to reduce seed germination. This phenomenon was associated with increasing of total antioxidant activity during ageing. To study the effects of hormones on seed ageing, aged wheat seeds (control, 90 and 80% viabilities) were treated with GA3, salicylic acid and paclobutrazol and antioxidant system was investigated as molecular biomarkers for seed vigour. The results showed that seed priming treatment significantly affected germination percentage, normality seedling percentage, H2O2, MDA, CAT, APX and GPX activities. Maximum germination percentage was achieved in GA3 priming in control treatment. Germination percentage and normal seedling percentage increased in other GA3 priming treatment compared with other hormones. Also ageing increased MDA and H2O2 content. MDA was considered sensitive marker commonly used for assessing membrane lipid peroxidation and H2O2 resulted in toxicity to cellular membrane system and damages to plant cells. Amount of H2O2 and MDA declined in GA3 treatment. CAT, GPX and APX activities were reduced by increasing the ageing time and at different levels of priming. The highest APX activity was observed in salicylic acid control treatment and the highest GPX and CAT activities were obtained in GA3 control treatment. The lowest MDA and H2O2 were shown in GA3 control treatment, too. Hormone priming increased antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased amount of reactive oxygen space and malondialdehyde (MDA) under ageing treatment. Also, GA3 priming treatment had a significant effect on germination percentage and number of normal seedlings. Generally, ageing seed increased ROS and lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant enzymes activity of aged seeds increased after hormone priming.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum germination percentage in aged wheat seeds was achieved with GA3 priming in the control (unaged) treatment.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- GA3 priminge0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Qualifier
- in control treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“Maximum germination percentage was achieved in GA3 priming in control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination percentage and normal seedling percentage increased in the other GA3 priming treatments compared with the other hormones.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- other GA3 priming treatmente0
- Outcome
- Germination percentage and normal seedling percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- other hormonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“Germination percentage and normal seedling percentage increased in other GA3 priming treatment compared with other hormones”
Claim · model-written summary
Ageing increased MDA and H2O2 content in wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ageinge0
- Outcome
- MDA and H2O2 contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“ageing increased MDA and H2O2 content”
Claim · model-written summary
The amount of H2O2 and MDA declined in the GA3 treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GA3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- Amount of H2O2 and MDAe0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“Amount of H2O2 and MDA declined in GA3 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT, GPX and APX activities were reduced as the ageing time increased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing the ageing timee0
- Outcome
- CAT, GPX and APX activitiese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“CAT, GPX and APX activities were reduced by increasing the ageing time”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest APX activity was observed in the salicylic acid control treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid control treatmente0
- Outcome
- APX activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“The highest APX activity was observed in salicylic acid control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest GPX and CAT activities were obtained in the GA3 control treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GA3 control treatmente0
- Outcome
- GPX and CAT activitiese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“the highest GPX and CAT activities were obtained in GA3 control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest MDA and H2O2 levels were found in the GA3 control treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- GA3 control treatmente0
- Outcome
- MDA and H2O2e0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“The lowest MDA and H2O2 were shown in GA3 control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone priming increased antioxidant enzyme activity in aged seeds.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Hormone priminge0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“Hormone priming increased antioxidant enzyme activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone priming decreased the amount of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) under ageing treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Hormone priminge0
- Outcome
- amount of reactive oxygen space and malondialdehyde (MDA)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- under ageing treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat seed”
e0“Hormone priming increased antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased amount of reactive oxygen space and malondialdehyde (MDA) under ageing treatment”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →salicylic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
60 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
60 papers more in this group
See all 64 papers →Gibberellic acid · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
63 papers more in this group
See all 67 papers →Gibberellic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
class · soil: biology · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
seed treatment · soil: biology · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →seed treatment · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
44 papers more in this group
See all 48 papers →seed treatment · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
258 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
289 papers more in this group
See all 293 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.