Abstract
Bell pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) plants have a high demand for water and nutrients. Water stress on bell pepper is associated with reduced yields and incidence of blossom-end rot (BER). High irrigation rates are commonly applied to maximize yields. Excessive irrigation rates, however, may negatively affect bell pepper plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation rates and calcium fertilization on plant growth and fruit yield and quality. Trials were conducted in the spring of 2001, 2003, and 2005 at the University of Georgia, Tifton Campus. Drip-irrigated bell pepper (‘Camelot’ or ‘Stiletto’) plants were grown on black plastic mulch. Plants were irrigated with rates that ranged from 33% to 167% of the rate of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Results showed that irrigation at 70% ETc (2001), 67% ETc (2003), and 50% ETc (2003) were sufficient to maximize vegetative growth and fruit yield and provided yields similar to those at 100% ETc. Leaf net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance ( g S ) were reduced, and incidence of BER was increased with reduced irrigation rates (33% and 67% ETc). Incidences of soilborne diseases ( Pythium spp. and Phytophtora capsici ) tended to increase in plants receiving excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc). Irrigation rate also affected fruit quality; incidence of BER and fruit soluble solids were both increased at 33% ETc. Calcium fertilization had no effect on soil water content (SWC), plant growth, and incidence of soilborne diseases, and an inconsistent effect on fruit yield and incidence of BER. In conclusion, there is potential for use of irrigation at rates below 100% ETc. Reduced irrigation diminished the volumes of water applied and provided fruit yields similar to those at 100% ETc. Excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc or above) wasted water and resulted in both higher incidences of soilborne diseases and reduced bell pepper yields.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced irrigation rates maximized vegetative growth and fruit yield similarly to 100% ETc.
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“irrigation at 70% ETc (2001), 67% ETc (2003), and 50% ETc (2003) were sufficient to maximize vegetative growth and fruit yield and provided yields similar to those at 100% ETc.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced irrigation reduced leaf net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- Bell Peppert0
- Treatment
- reduced irrigation rates (33% and 67% ETc)e0
- Outcome
- Leaf net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance ( g S )e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“Leaf net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance ( g S ) were reduced, and incidence of BER was increased with reduced irrigation rates (33% and 67% ETc).”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced irrigation increased blossom-end rot incidence.
- Taxon
- Bell Peppert0
- Treatment
- reduced irrigation rates (33% and 67% ETc)e0
- Outcome
- incidence of BERe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“incidence of BER was increased with reduced irrigation rates (33% and 67% ETc).”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess irrigation tended to increase soilborne disease incidence.
- Taxon
- Bell Peppert0
- Treatment
- excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc)e0
- Second interactor
- Phytophtora capsicie0pathogen
- Outcome
- Incidences of soilborne diseasese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- tended to increasee0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“Incidences of soilborne diseases ( Pythium spp. and Phytophtora capsici ) tended to increase in plants receiving excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc).”
Claim · model-written summary
At 33% ETc, blossom-end rot incidence increased.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“incidence of BER and fruit soluble solids were both increased at 33% ETc.”
Claim · model-written summary
At 33% ETc, fruit soluble solids increased.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“incidence of BER and fruit soluble solids were both increased at 33% ETc.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium fertilization had no effect on soil water content and plant growth.
- Taxon
- Bell Peppert0
- Treatment
- Calcium fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- soil water content (SWC), plant growthe0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“Calcium fertilization had no effect on soil water content (SWC), plant growth, and incidence of soilborne diseases, and an inconsistent effect on fruit yield and incidence of BER.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium fertilization had no effect on soilborne disease incidence.
- Taxon
- Bell Peppert0
- Treatment
- Calcium fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- incidence of soilborne diseasese0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“Calcium fertilization had no effect on soil water content (SWC), plant growth, and incidence of soilborne diseases, and an inconsistent effect on fruit yield and incidence of BER.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium fertilization had inconsistent effects on fruit yield and blossom-end rot incidence.
- Taxon
- Bell Peppert0
- Treatment
- Calcium fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- fruit yield and incidence of BERe0
- Qualifier
- inconsistent effecte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“Calcium fertilization had no effect on soil water content (SWC), plant growth, and incidence of soilborne diseases, and an inconsistent effect on fruit yield and incidence of BER.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive irrigation reduced bell pepper yields.
- Taxon
- bell peppere0
- Treatment
- Excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc or above)e0
- Outcome
- bell pepper yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”
e0“Excessive irrigation rates (167% ETc or above) wasted water and resulted in both higher incidences of soilborne diseases and reduced bell pepper yields.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.