Abstract
To investigate the quantification of water uptake by extraradical hyphae and effect of root mycorrhization on water relations of host plants several experiments were carried out in this study. We evaluated the effects of colonization of barley (Hordeum vulgaris L. var. Scarlett) roots with two VAM fungi (Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae) on growth, yield components, leaf water relations and acquisition of nutrients under simulated drought or well-watered conditions in a greenhouse. We observed mild effects of the two mycorrhizal fungi on leaf water relation between VAM and non-VAM drought stressed plants but no specific effects on yield parameters or plant nutrients uptake. However, that drought conditions surprisingly increased root colonization by VAM. Though under drought condition, only G. intraradices changed the leaf area of plants slightly but statistically significant. We also noted some differences between G. intraradices and G. mosseae in their effect on nutrient uptake by barley under the same growth conditions. In the split-root-hyphae system experiments we subjected barley plants to simulated drought and studied the effects of symbiosis with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus intraradices) on water uptake and elongation of plant leaves. Ninety days after sowing, the initial gravimetric soil water content was reduced by about 2-4 % in the hyphae compartments of drought stressed plants with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM plants) as compared to that in the plants without vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (non-VAM plants). In this study, leaf water potential was lower in VAM plants, relative leaf water content and leaf turgor pressure were all higher in VAM plants than in the non-VAM plants, but at the end of the drying cycles leaf 5 on the mainstem of drought stressed VAM plants was 33% longer than in the non-VAM plants. We suggest, however, that the improved leaf water relations, longer leaf, and faster leaf elongation rate in the drought stressed VAM plants compared with the non-VAM plants, might have been due to the impact of VAM on plants which were independent on the higher contribution of VAM hyphae to water uptake by drought stressed VAM plants. Effect of VAM on the transport of water to barley roots from a physically separate soil compartment (hyphae compartments) was measured by means of capacitance sensors in the last experiment. Results indicated a decrease in soil water content in the hyphae compartments of plants colonized by vesicular arbuscular mycorrhize (VAM) when compared to the corresponding values in the compartment of control treatment (non-VAM plants). This was taken as evidence for the uptake of water by the extraradical hyphae and its transfer to the host plants in the adjacent, but physically unattached, plant compartment (PC). Measurements showed that under drought condition, VAM hyphae transported 5-7% of the soil water from the hyphae compartments to the plant compartment as compared with non-VAM plants. The data also showed indications for a reverse mass transport of water from the plant compartment (when plants were periodically watered) to the hyphae compartment by the hyphae strands connecting the two compartments.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
The two mycorrhizal fungi had mild effects on leaf water relations of drought-stressed barley compared with non-mycorrhizal plants.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- the two mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf water relatione0
- Comparator
- non-VAM drought stressed plantse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“We observed mild effects of the two mycorrhizal fungi on leaf water relation between VAM and non-VAM drought stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The two mycorrhizal fungi had no specific effects on yield parameters or plant nutrient uptake of drought-stressed barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- the two mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- yield parameters or plant nutrients uptakee0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Comparator
- non-VAM drought stressed plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“We observed mild effects of the two mycorrhizal fungi on leaf water relation between VAM and non-VAM drought stressed plants but no specific effects on yield parameters or plant nutrients uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought conditions surprisingly increased root colonization by VAM fungi.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought conditionse0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- root colonization by VAMe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“drought conditions surprisingly increased root colonization by VAM”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, only G. intraradices changed leaf area of barley plants, slightly but statistically significantly.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- G. intraradicese0
- Interactor
- G. intraradicesRhizophagus intraradicese0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf area of plantse0
- Setting
- drought conditione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“Though under drought condition, only G. intraradices changed the leaf area of plants slightly but statistically significant”
Claim · model-written summary
G. intraradices and G. mosseae differed in their effect on nutrient uptake by barley under the same growth conditions.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- G. intraradicese0
- Interactor
- G. intraradicesRhizophagus intraradicese0symbiont
- Second interactor
- G. mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee0symbiont - Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Comparator
- G. mosseaee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“We also noted some differences between G. intraradices and G. mosseae in their effect on nutrient uptake by barley under the same growth conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
In the hyphae compartments of drought-stressed plants with mycorrhizal fungi, initial gravimetric soil water content was reduced by about 2-4 % compared with plants without the fungi.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0
- Interactor
- vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- initial gravimetric soil water contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2-4 %e0
- Comparator
- plants without vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (non-VAM plants)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“the initial gravimetric soil water content was reduced by about 2-4 % in the hyphae compartments of drought stressed plants with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM plants) as compared to that in the plants without vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (non-VAM plants)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf water potential was lower in VAM barley plants than in non-VAM plants.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- VAM plantse0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-VAM plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“leaf water potential was lower in VAM plants, relative leaf water content and leaf turgor pressure were all higher in VAM plants than in the non-VAM plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative leaf water content and leaf turgor pressure were higher in VAM barley plants than in non-VAM plants.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- VAM plantse0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- relative leaf water content and leaf turgor pressuree0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-VAM plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“leaf water potential was lower in VAM plants, relative leaf water content and leaf turgor pressure were all higher in VAM plants than in the non-VAM plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At the end of the drying cycles, leaf 5 on the mainstem of drought-stressed VAM plants was 33% longer than in non-VAM plants.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought stressed VAM plantse0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf 5 on the mainsteme0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Comparator
- non-VAM plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“at the end of the drying cycles leaf 5 on the mainstem of drought stressed VAM plants was 33% longer than in the non-VAM plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In the capacitance-sensor experiment, soil water content decreased in the hyphae compartments of plants colonized by VAM compared with control compartments.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- vesicular arbuscular mycorrhize (VAM)e0
- Interactor
- vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizee0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil water content in the hyphae compartmentse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- control treatment (non-VAM plants)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“Results indicated a decrease in soil water content in the hyphae compartments of plants colonized by vesicular arbuscular mycorrhize (VAM) when compared to the corresponding values in the compartment of control treatment (non-VAM plants)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors took the decrease in hyphae-compartment soil water as evidence that extraradical hyphae take up water and transfer it to host plants in the adjacent, physically unattached plant compartment.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- uptake of water by the extraradical hyphaee0
- Qualifier
- its transfer to the host plants in the adjacent, but physically unattached, plant compartmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“This was taken as evidence for the uptake of water by the extraradical hyphae and its transfer to the host plants in the adjacent, but physically unattached, plant compartment (PC)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, VAM hyphae transported 5-7% of the soil water from the hyphae compartments to the plant compartment compared with non-VAM plants.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- VAM hyphaee0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil watere0
- Value
- 5-7%e0
- Qualifier
- from the hyphae compartments to the plant compartmente0
- Comparator
- non-VAM plantse0
- Setting
- drought conditione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“under drought condition, VAM hyphae transported 5-7% of the soil water from the hyphae compartments to the plant compartment as compared with non-VAM plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Data indicated a reverse mass transport of water from the plant compartment to the hyphae compartment through connecting hyphae strands when plants were periodically watered.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- reverse mass transport of watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“The data also showed indications for a reverse mass transport of water from the plant compartment (when plants were periodically watered) to the hyphae compartment by the hyphae strands connecting the two compartments”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest the improved leaf water relations, longer leaf and faster leaf elongation in drought-stressed VAM plants may be due to VAM effects on plants independent of the hyphal contribution to water uptake.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- improved leaf water relations, longer leaf, and faster leaf elongation ratee0
- Qualifier
- independent on the higher contribution of VAM hyphae to water uptakee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“the improved leaf water relations, longer leaf, and faster leaf elongation rate in the drought stressed VAM plants compared with the non-VAM plants, might have been due to the impact of VAM on plants which were independent on the higher contribution of VAM hyphae to water uptake by drought stressed VAM plants”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · yield · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
22 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →mycorrhiza · physiology: water · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.