Abstract
Pesticides comprise a large portion of production inputs in cotton. Reducing or enhancing their efficacy presents an avenue to increase profit. Pesticides containing both insecticidal and growth enhancing properties may be a viable option to increased profitability. In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), early season applications of some insecticides have shown effects similar to those of plant growth regulators (PGRs). TRIMAX?? (imidacloprid) is one of these purported PGR insecticides. TRIMAX?? and Centric?? 40WG (thiamethoxam), both nitroguanidine insecticides, have properties that may exhibit PGR activity. A two - year field study was conducted at the Texas A&M Agricultural Experiment Station in Burleson County, Texas to assess the physiological effects of Centric?? 40WG and TRIMAX?? on cotton. The statistical design consisted of a randomized complete block with four replications. Treatments consisted of each insecticide being applied one, two, and three times at the 5- leaf stage, 5- leaf stage plus 10 days after initial treatment (DAIT), and 5-leaf stage plus 10 DAIT plus 20 DAIT. Rates consisted of TRIMAX?? and Centric?? 40WG being applied at 0.020 and 0.017 L/ha, respectively. Data was collected for plant height, total number of nodes, biomass partitioning, photosynthetic rate, midseason plant mapping, end of season box- mapping, yield, and fiber quality analysis. No significant differences in lint yield were observed among any of the insecticide PGR treatments. There was a general trend for numeric decreases in lint yield with each additional insecticide application for both chemistries, with the exception of TRIMAX?? at three applications in 2004. No significant differences were detected in any of the growth parameters that were measured (height, total nodes, biomass partitioning, and leaf area). Numerical differences resulted in trends, but rate responses did not follow any logical pattern. Numerous trends and rate responses were also observed in the Absolute and Relative Growth Rates, and photosynthetic rates, but no significant differences were evident. In general, as more insecticide was applied, the photosynthetic rates decreased along with lint yield. Based on the parameters investigated during the course of this two-year study, there is no conclusive evidence that supports TRIMAX?? or Centric?? 40WG as being growth and or yield enhancers in cotton.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Lint yield did not differ significantly among the insecticide PGR treatments in cotton.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- insecticide PGR treatmentse3
- Outcome
- lint yielde3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
- Comparator
- among any of the insecticide PGR treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e3“No significant differences in lint yield were observed among any of the insecticide PGR treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Lint yield showed a general, non-significant numeric decrease with each additional insecticide application in cotton, except TRIMAX at three applications in 2004.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- each additional insecticide applicatione4
- Outcome
- lint yielde4
- Direction
- numeric decreasese4
- Qualifier
- with the exception of TRIMAX?? at three applications in 2004e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e4“There was a general trend for numeric decreases in lint yield with each additional insecticide application for both chemistries, with the exception of TRIMAX?? at three applications in 2004”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height, total nodes and biomass partitioning did not differ significantly among the insecticide PGR treatments in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- insecticide PGR treatmentse3
- Outcome
- height, total nodes, biomass partitioninge5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- any of the insecticide PGR treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e3“No significant differences in lint yield were observed among any of the insecticide PGR treatments”
e5“No significant differences were detected in any of the growth parameters that were measured (height, total nodes, biomass partitioning, and leaf area)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area did not differ significantly among the insecticide PGR treatments in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- insecticide PGR treatmentse3
- Outcome
- leaf areae5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Comparator
- any of the insecticide PGR treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e3“No significant differences in lint yield were observed among any of the insecticide PGR treatments”
e5“No significant differences were detected in any of the growth parameters that were measured (height, total nodes, biomass partitioning, and leaf area)”
Claim · model-written summary
Absolute and relative growth rates and photosynthetic rates did not differ significantly among the insecticide PGR treatments in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- insecticide PGR treatmentse3
- Outcome
- Absolute and Relative Growth Rates, and photosynthetic ratese6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
- Comparator
- any of the insecticide PGR treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e3“No significant differences in lint yield were observed among any of the insecticide PGR treatments”
e6“Numerous trends and rate responses were also observed in the Absolute and Relative Growth Rates, and photosynthetic rates, but no significant differences were evident”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic rate decreased as more insecticide was applied to cotton, along with lint yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- as more insecticide was appliede7
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratese7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e7“In general, as more insecticide was applied, the photosynthetic rates decreased along with lint yield”
Claim · model-written summary
There is no conclusive evidence that TRIMAX or Centric 40WG enhance growth or yield in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- TRIMAX?? or Centric?? 40WGe2
- Outcome
- growth and or yield enhancerse2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
e2“there is no conclusive evidence that supports TRIMAX?? or Centric?? 40WG as being growth and or yield enhancers in cotton”
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See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.