Paper · 2017 · International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen, Sulphur and Foliar Application of Boron in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Zineeka Singh; Gautam Ghosh; Victor Debbarma

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
6
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2015 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.) to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen (40 kg ha-1, 60 kg ha-1), sulphur (30 kg ha-1, 45 kg ha-1) and foliar application of boron (no spray of boron, 0.2% boron spray at 30 DAS, 0.2 % boron spray at 30 and 45 DAS). The results recorded that the significantly higher seed yield (1477.33 kg ha-1), higher capitulum diameter (14.93 cm) and higher number of seeds (383.33capitulum-1) in the treatment T8 (60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DAS). It is also observed that the significantly higher number of unfilled seeds (147.56 capitulum-1) in the treatment T3 (60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 30 kg ha-1 of sulphur). Significantly higher plant height (130.60 cm) was obtain in the treatment T13 (NPK 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen + 40 kg ha-1 phosphorus + 40 kg ha-1 potassium).

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment T8 produced significantly higher seed yield of 1477.33 kg ha-1.

Taxon
SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0t0
Treatment
60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DASe0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
1477.33 kg ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus · TaxonJon Sullivan · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The results recorded that the significantly higher seed yield (1477.33 kg ha-1), higher capitulum diameter (14.93 cm) and higher number of seeds (383.33capitulum-1) in the treatment T8 (60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DAS).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–726 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sunflower”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment T8 produced higher capitulum diameter of 14.93 cm.

Taxon
SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0t0
Treatment
60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DASe0
Outcome
capitulum diametere0
Direction
highere0
Value
14.93 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus · TaxonJon Sullivan · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The results recorded that the significantly higher seed yield (1477.33 kg ha-1), higher capitulum diameter (14.93 cm) and higher number of seeds (383.33capitulum-1) in the treatment T8 (60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DAS).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–726 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sunflower”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment T8 produced a higher number of seeds, 383.33capitulum-1.

Taxon
SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0t0
Treatment
60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DASe0
Outcome
number of seedse0
Direction
highere0
Value
383.33capitulum-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus · TaxonJon Sullivan · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The results recorded that the significantly higher seed yield (1477.33 kg ha-1), higher capitulum diameter (14.93 cm) and higher number of seeds (383.33capitulum-1) in the treatment T8 (60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 45 kg ha-1 of sulphur + 0.2 % foliar spray of boron at 30 DAS).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–726 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sunflower”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment T3 produced significantly more unfilled seeds, 147.56 capitulum-1.

Taxon
SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0t0
Treatment
60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 30 kg ha-1 of sulphure0
Outcome
number of unfilled seedse0
Direction
highere0
Value
147.56 capitulum-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus · TaxonJon Sullivan · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“It is also observed that the significantly higher number of unfilled seeds (147.56 capitulum-1) in the treatment T3 (60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen+ 30 kg ha-1 of sulphur).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 727–891 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sunflower”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–92 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment T13 gave significantly higher plant height of 130.60 cm.

Taxon
SunflowerHelianthus annuuse0t0
Treatment
NPK 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen + 40 kg ha-1 phosphorus + 40 kg ha-1 potassiume0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
highere0
Value
130.60 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus · TaxonJon Sullivan · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Significantly higher plant height (130.60 cm) was obtain in the treatment T13 (NPK 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen + 40 kg ha-1 phosphorus + 40 kg ha-1 potassium).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 892–1043 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sunflower”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 83–92 · show in text ↑

boron atom · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ

39 papers: 33 positive, 6 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

35 papers more in this group

See all 39 papers →

sulfur atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ

45 papers: 43 positive, 2 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

41 papers more in this group

See all 45 papers →

boron atom · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ

64 papers: 58 positive, 6 negative or no effect

57 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

60 papers more in this group

See all 64 papers →

sulfur atom · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results

22 papers: 21 positive, 1 negative or no effect

20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

18 papers more in this group

See all 22 papers →

nitrogen · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ

76 papers: 63 positive, 13 negative or no effect

62 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

72 papers more in this group

See all 76 papers →

potassium · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results

21 papers: 18 positive, 3 negative or no effect

17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

phosphorus · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results

38 papers: 32 positive, 6 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

34 papers more in this group

See all 38 papers →

application · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results

81 papers: 73 positive, 8 negative or no effect

72 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

77 papers more in this group

See all 81 papers →

8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.