Abstract
Fruits stored at low temperature can exhibit different types of chilling injury. In apple, one of the most serious physiological disorders is superficial scald, which is characterized by discoloration and brown necrotic patches on the fruit exocarp. Although this phenomenon is widely ascribed to the oxidation of α-farnesene, its physiology is not yet fully understood. To elucidate the mechanism of superficial scald development and possible means of prevention, we performed an integrated metabolite screen, including an analysis of volatiles, phenols and lipids, together with a large-scale transcriptome study. We also determined that prevention of superficial scald, through the use of an ethylene action inhibitor, is associated with the triggering of cold acclimation-related processes. Specifically, the inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated the production of antioxidant compounds to scavenge reactive oxygen species, the synthesis of fatty acids to stabilize plastid and vacuole membranes against cold temperature, and the accumulation of the sorbitol, which can act as a cryoprotectant. The pattern of sorbitol accumulation was consistent with the expression profile of a sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, MdS6PDH, the overexpression of which in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants confirmed its involvement in the cold acclimation and freezing tolerance.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated production of antioxidant compounds in apple.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- inhibition of ethylene perceptione1
- Outcome
- production of antioxidant compoundse1
- Direction
- stimulatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In apple, one of the most serious physiological disorders is superficial scald”
e1“Specifically, the inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated the production of antioxidant compounds to scavenge reactive oxygen species”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated the synthesis of fatty acids in apple.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- inhibition of ethylene perceptione1
- Outcome
- synthesis of fatty acidse2
- Direction
- stimulatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In apple, one of the most serious physiological disorders is superficial scald”
e1“Specifically, the inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated the production of antioxidant compounds to scavenge reactive oxygen species”
e2“the synthesis of fatty acids to stabilize plastid and vacuole membranes against cold temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated sorbitol accumulation in apple.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- inhibition of ethylene perceptione1
- Outcome
- accumulation of the sorbitole3
- Direction
- stimulatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In apple, one of the most serious physiological disorders is superficial scald”
e1“Specifically, the inhibition of ethylene perception stimulated the production of antioxidant compounds to scavenge reactive oxygen species”
e3“the accumulation of the sorbitol, which can act as a cryoprotectant”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorbitol accumulation in apple was consistent with the expression profile of MdS6PDH.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Gene
- MdS6PDHe4
- Outcome
- sorbitol accumulatione4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In apple, one of the most serious physiological disorders is superficial scald”
e4“The pattern of sorbitol accumulation was consistent with the expression profile of a sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, MdS6PDH”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of MdS6PDH in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana confirmed its involvement in cold acclimation and freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae5 - Treatment
- overexpressione5
- Gene
- MdS6PDHe4
- Outcome
- cold acclimation and freezing tolerancee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The pattern of sorbitol accumulation was consistent with the expression profile of a sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, MdS6PDH”
e5“the overexpression of which in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants confirmed its involvement in the cold acclimation and freezing tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventing superficial scald with an ethylene action inhibitor is associated with triggering of cold acclimation-related processes in apple.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- use of an ethylene action inhibitore6
- Outcome
- prevention of superficial scalde6
- Qualifier
- associated with the triggering of cold acclimation-related processese6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In apple, one of the most serious physiological disorders is superficial scald”
e6“We also determined that prevention of superficial scald, through the use of an ethylene action inhibitor, is associated with the triggering of cold acclimation-related processes”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
- positive
- positive
ethene · molecular: metabolites · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.