Abstract
A four-year field trial was conducted at Bonia in the Upper East Region of Ghana to evaluate soybean-maize rotation amendment systems. The treatments included soybean without amendment, inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with fertisol, inoculated soybean with phosphorus and potassium (P, K), inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, inoculated soybean with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P, K), and continuous maize. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Inoculation negatively affected yields by 2% and 14% in 2013 and 2015, respectively. Soil amendments with P, K or N, P, K increased yields within 45–51%, fertisol increased by 95%, and integration of P, K and fertisol recorded 76% increment of inoculated soybean. Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively. Maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol and maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol consistently scored higher benefit-cost ratio across the two years of experimentation. Thus, the two systems are conceivable for recommendation to the farmers in northern Ghana.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean inoculation reduced yield by 2% in 2013.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Inoculatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
- Value
- 2%e0
- Qualifier
- 2013e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation negatively affected yields by 2% and 14% in 2013 and 2015, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean inoculation reduced yield by 14% in 2015.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Inoculatione0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
- Value
- 14%e0
- Qualifier
- 2015e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation negatively affected yields by 2% and 14% in 2013 and 2015, respectively”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
P and K soil amendments raised soybean yields within 45–51%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil amendments with P, K or N, P, K increased yields within 45–51%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
N, P, K soil amendments raised soybean yields within 45–51%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil amendments with P, K or N, P, K increased yields within 45–51%”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertisol raised soybean yields by 95%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertisol increased by 95%”
e1“Soil amendments with P, K or N, P, K increased yields”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining P, K and fertisol increased inoculated soybean yield by 76%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P, K and fertisole0
- Outcome
- inoculated soybeane0
- Direction
- incremente0
- Value
- 76%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integration of P, K and fertisol recorded 76% increment of inoculated soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose by 1% after inoculated soybean.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose by 20% after inoculated soybean with N, P, K.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose by 25% after inoculated soybean with P, K.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose by 43% after inoculated soybean with fertisol.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose by 44% after soybean without amendment.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield rose by 46% after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol.
- Treatment
- inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisole0
- Outcome
- Yields of maizee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of maize increased by 1%, 20%, 25%, 43%, 44%, and 46% under inoculated soybean, inoculated soybean with N, P, K, inoculated soybean with P, K, inoculated soybean with fertisol, soybean without amendment, and inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol had a higher benefit-cost ratio across both years.
- Treatment
- inoculated soybean with fertisole0
- Outcome
- benefit-cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- across the two years of experimentatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol and maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol consistently scored higher benefit-cost ratio across the two years of experimentation”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol had a higher benefit-cost ratio across both years.
- Treatment
- inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisole0
- Outcome
- benefit-cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- across the two years of experimentatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol and maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol consistently scored higher benefit-cost ratio across the two years of experimentation”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol system to northern Ghana farmers.
- Treatment
- inoculated soybean with fertisole1
- Outcome
- recommendation to the farmers in northern Ghanae0
- Setting
- northern Ghanae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thus, the two systems are conceivable for recommendation to the farmers in northern Ghana”
e1“Maize after inoculated soybean with fertisol”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol system to northern Ghana farmers.
- Treatment
- inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisole1
- Outcome
- recommendation to the farmers in northern Ghanae0
- Setting
- northern Ghanae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thus, the two systems are conceivable for recommendation to the farmers in northern Ghana”
e1“maize after inoculated soybean with P, K and fertisol”
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See all 416 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.