Abstract
Warm viticulture regions are associated with inferior wines, resulting from the interaction between microclimate and fruit biochemistry. Solar irradiance triggers biosynthetic processes in the fruit and dominates its thermal balance. Therefore, deciphering its impact on fruit metabolism is pivotal to develop strategies for fruit protection and ameliorate its quality traits. Here, we modified light quality and intensity in the fruit-zone and integrated micrometeorology with grape and wine metabolomics, allowing a complete assessment, from field to bottle. We analyzed the dynamics of fruit's adaptation to altered conditions during ripening and constructed temporal-based metabolic networks. Micrometeorological modifications shifted the balance between the major flavonoids, associating increased solar exposure with lower levels of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, and higher flavonols. Differences were fixed from 2 weeks postveraison until harvest, suggesting a controlled acclimation response rather than external modulation. Differences in grape composition manifested in the wine and resulted in higher color intensity and improved wine hue under partial shading.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Increased solar exposure was associated with lower grape anthocyanin levels.
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“associating increased solar exposure with lower levels of anthocyanins”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased solar exposure was associated with lower grape flavan-3-ol levels.
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“associating increased solar exposure with lower levels of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased solar exposure was associated with higher grape flavonol levels.
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“associating increased solar exposure with lower levels of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols, and higher flavonols”
Claim · model-written summary
Grape composition differences persisted from two weeks after veraison until harvest.
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“Differences were fixed from 2 weeks postveraison until harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpreted persistent differences as a controlled acclimation response.
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“suggesting a controlled acclimation response rather than external modulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Grape composition differences also appeared in wine.
Verbatim
e0“Differences in grape composition manifested in the wine”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial shading produced higher wine color intensity.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“higher color intensity and improved wine hue under partial shading”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial shading improved wine hue.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Grape Berry”
e0“higher color intensity and improved wine hue under partial shading”
The same questions in other papers
shade · quality: postharvest · VitisPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.