Abstract
Water stress reduces soybean (Glycine max) yield in fields converted from clayey-soil rice (Oryza sativa) paddies to uplands (upland converted paddies [UCPs]). Subirrigation and/or allowing roots to penetrate to a deeper soil layer were expected to effectively mitigate water stress. Therefore, we examined the effects of subirrigation and slit tillage on mitigating water stress in clayey soils (52% clay) in UCPs. Four treatment experiments (subirrigation, slit tillage, subirrigation control, and slit tillage control) were conducted in each of three growing seasons, with sampling for yield analysis conducted in triplicate. Following conventional tillage, a slit tillage blade was used to cut 15-mm-wide vertical slits in the surface of the soil (cutting depth = 15–20 cm) and seeds were sown 15 mm from the cut lines. Subirrigation then occurred for approximately 21–47 days, from the end of the rainy season, when water table elevation was at 35 cm below ground. We found that subirrigation only resulted in improved soybean yield in 2012, when precipitation after the flowering stage was low, whereas slit tillage significantly increased yield in all three growing seasons, including a particularly wet growing season. Overall, subirrigation and slit tillage increased soybean yield by 2% and 13%, respectively. Slit tillage also resulted in a significantly greater taproot length and root density. Stomatal conductance at midday in about the R5–6 stages was higher in slit-tilled plots than in control plots, but only in the subirrigated field.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Subirrigation improved soybean yield only in 2012, when postflowering precipitation was low.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- subirrigatione0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- in 2012, when precipitation after the flowering stage was lowe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subirrigation only resulted in improved soybean yield in 2012, when precipitation after the flowering stage was low”
Claim · model-written summary
Slit tillage significantly increased soybean yield in all three seasons.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- slit tillagee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- all three growing seasonse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e0“slit tillage significantly increased yield in all three growing seasons, including a particularly wet growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Overall subirrigation increased soybean yield by 2%.
- Taxon
- soybean (Glycine max)Glycine maxt0
- Treatment
- subirrigatione0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e0“Overall, subirrigation and slit tillage increased soybean yield by 2% and 13%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Overall slit tillage increased soybean yield by 13%.
- Taxon
- soybean (Glycine max)Glycine maxt0
- Treatment
- slit tillagee0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e0“Overall, subirrigation and slit tillage increased soybean yield by 2% and 13%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Slit tillage produced significantly greater taproot length and root density.
- Taxon
- soybean (Glycine max)Glycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Slit tillagee0
- Outcome
- taproot length and root densitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e0“Slit tillage also resulted in a significantly greater taproot length and root density”
Claim · model-written summary
Midday stomatal conductance at about R5–6 was higher in slit-tilled than control plots, only with subirrigation.
- Taxon
- soybean (Glycine max)Glycine maxt0
- Treatment
- slit-tilled plotse0
- Outcome
- Stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- only in the subirrigated fielde0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max)”
e0“Stomatal conductance at midday in about the R5–6 stages was higher in slit-tilled plots than in control plots, but only in the subirrigated field”
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