Effect of seaweed saps on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and economic improvement of maize (sweet corn)

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2012-13 at Research cum Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) to study the effects of seaweed saps on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and economic of maize (sweet corn) in Matasi soil of Chhattisgarh. The foliar spray of two different species (namely Kappaphycus and Gracilaria) was applied thrice at different interval of crop with different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 15% v/v) of seaweed extracts. Foliar applications of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the growth, yield, nutrient uptake and B:C ratio parameters. The green cob yield (189.97 q ha-1) and fodder yield (345.19 q ha-1) were recorded highest under treatment (T8) 15% G Sap + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) which was significant similar with treatment 15% K Sap + RDF (185.24 q ha-1) in case of green cob yield. The highest N, P and K uptake by green cob and fodder were observed under 15% G Sap + RDF (T8). Treatment 15% G Sap + RDF (T8), recorded maximum gross return (Rs. 2,07,230 ha-1), net return (Rs. 1,38,756 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.0), which was followed by treatment 15% K Sap + RDF (T4) with net return (Rs. 1,33,199 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.95). Treatment 15% G Sap + RDF (T8) gave Rs. 45,996 ha-1 more as compared to Water spray + RDF (T9).

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Claims 14

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract enhanced growth.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: Foliar applications of seaweed extracte0
Outcome: growthe0
Direction: enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Zea mays* · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

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“Foliar applications of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the growth, yield, nutrient uptake and B:C ratio parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–639 · show in text ↑

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“maize (sweet corn)”
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t1
“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract enhanced yield.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: Foliar applications of seaweed extracte0
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“Foliar applications of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the growth, yield, nutrient uptake and B:C ratio parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–639 · show in text ↑

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“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract enhanced nutrient uptake.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: Foliar applications of seaweed extracte0
Outcome: nutrient uptakee0
Direction: enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“Foliar applications of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the growth, yield, nutrient uptake and B:C ratio parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–639 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–103 · show in text ↑

t1
“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract enhanced benefit-cost ratio.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: Foliar applications of seaweed extracte0
Outcome: B:C ratioe0
Direction: enhancede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“Foliar applications of seaweed extract significantly enhanced the growth, yield, nutrient uptake and B:C ratio parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 518–639 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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t1
“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 yielded the highest green cob yield, 189.97 q ha-1.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: 15% G Sap + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)e0
Outcome: green cob yielde0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 189.97 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0
“green cob yield (189.97 q ha-1) and fodder yield (345.19 q ha-1) were recorded highest under treatment (T8) 15% G Sap + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 645–801 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 yielded the highest fodder yield, 345.19 q ha-1.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: 15% G Sap + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)e0
Outcome: fodder yielde0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 345.19 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0
“green cob yield (189.97 q ha-1) and fodder yield (345.19 q ha-1) were recorded highest under treatment (T8) 15% G Sap + recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 645–801 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 15% K Sap plus RDF treatment produced a statistically similar green cob yield of 185.24 q ha-1.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: 15% K Sap + RDFe0
Outcome: green cob yielde0
Value: 185.24 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“15% K Sap + RDF (185.24 q ha-1) in case of green cob yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 847–905 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 had the highest N, P and K uptake in green cobs and fodder.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: 15% G Sap + RDF (T8)e0
Outcome: N, P and K uptake by green cob and foddere0
Direction: higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“highest N, P and K uptake by green cob and fodder were observed under 15% G Sap + RDF (T8)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 911–1001 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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t1
“maize (sweet corn)”
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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 produced maximum gross returns of Rs. 2,07,230 ha-1.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Outcome: gross returne0
Direction: maximume0
Value: Rs. 2,07,230 ha-1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“maximum gross return (Rs. 2,07,230 ha-1)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 produced maximum net returns of Rs. 1,38,756 ha-1.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Outcome: net returne0
Value: Rs. 1,38,756 ha-1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

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“net return (Rs. 1,38,756 ha-1)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 produced a B:C ratio of 2.0.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Outcome: B:C ratioe0
Value: 2.0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“B:C ratio (2.0)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1121–1136 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T4 produced net returns of Rs. 1,33,199 ha-1.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: 15% K Sap + RDF (T4)e0
Outcome: net returne0
Value: Rs. 1,33,199 ha-1e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“15% K Sap + RDF (T4) with net return (Rs. 1,33,199 ha-1)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1170–1226 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T4 produced a B:C ratio of 1.95.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Outcome: B:C ratioe0
Value: 1.95e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

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“B:C ratio (1.95)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T8 earned Rs. 45,996 ha-1 more than water spray plus RDF.

Taxon: maize (sweet corn)Zea mayst0
Treatment: 15% G Sap + RDF (T8)e0
Outcome: Rs. 45,996 ha-1 moree0
Direction: moree0
Value: Rs. 45,996 ha-1e0
Comparator: Water spray + RDF (T9)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0
“15% G Sap + RDF (T8) gave Rs. 45,996 ha-1 more as compared to Water spray + RDF (T9)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1259–1343 · show in text ↑

t0
“maize (sweet corn)”
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“maize (sweet corn)”
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other · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

119 papers: 107 positive, 12 negative or no effect

106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
Other amendments increased soil Fe and Pb.
Comparative effect of activated carbon, pressmud and poultry manure on immobilization and concentration of metals in maize (Zea mays) grown on contaminated soil · 2013
Opposite direction
negative
Corn seedling tissue boron content increased with ash amendment rate.
BORON AVAILABILITY IN ASH-SLUDGE MIXTURE AND ITS UPTAKE BY CORN SEEDLINGS (ZEA MAYS L) · 1996
Opposite direction
negative
Previous high-analysis fertilizer and amendment applications markedly depleted soil Zn pools compared with buffer plots.
Dynamics of zinc under long‐term application of chemical fertilizers and amendments by maize–wheat cropping sequence in Typic Hapludalfs · 2019 · compared with buffer plots
Opposite direction

115 papers more in this group

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application · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

161 papers: 151 positive, 10 negative or no effect

150 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Spray timing did not affect plant-part nitrogen content relative to controls.
Uptake, Distribution, and Remobilization of ¹⁵N‐labeled Urea Applied to Maize Canopies¹ · 1985 · compared with controls
Opposite direction
no effect
Humus did not significantly affect P and Ca uptake.
Effects of soil applied humic substances to dry weight and mineral nutrients uptake of maize under calcareous soil conditions · 2008
Opposite direction
no effect
Low boron use and zinc solution spray did not affect grain boron uptake.
Application of Different Levels of Zinc and Boron on Concentration and Uptake of Zinc and Boron in the Corn Grain · 2010
Opposite direction

157 papers more in this group

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other · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

184 papers: 164 positive, 20 negative or no effect

163 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction

positive
Treatment 9 gave higher plant height of 176.75 cm versus other treatments.
Influence of Seaweed Sap and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.) · 2023 · compared with other treatments
Same directionCites this paper
positive
Nitrogen 150 kg/ha plus 15% seaweed extract gave significantly higher maize plant height (181.40 cm).
Effect of nitrogen and seaweed extract (k-sap) on growth and yield of Zaid Maize · 2024
Same directionCites this paper
positive
At harvest, growth attributes were significantly higher in 75% RDF + Azotobacter + PGPR + HA + SWE.
Biostimulants based nutrient management on growth and yield of spring maize (Zea mays) under legume based cropping sequence · 2024
Same directionCites this paper

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other · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

253 papers: 221 positive, 32 negative or no effect

220 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative

positive
Fermented seaweed gave the highest ear yield, ear weight and kernel number.
Physiological Efficiency of Sweet Corn (Zea Mays L. Var Saccharata) as Influenced by Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) 7 and Biofertilizers · 2019
Same directionCites this paper
positive
Treatment 9 gave maximum number of cobs/plant of 3 versus other treatments.
Influence of Seaweed Sap and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.) · 2023 · compared with other treatments
Same directionCites this paper
positive
The same treatment gave the maximum number of cobs per plant (2.00).
Effect of nitrogen and seaweed extract (k-sap) on growth and yield of Zaid Maize · 2024
Same directionCites this paper

249 papers more in this group

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application · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

337 papers: 310 positive, 27 negative or no effect

309 papers in the same direction as this paper · 25 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Chemical sprays did not significantly change maize height, stem thickness, or leaf number.
The Efficacy of Selected Synthetic Insecticides and Botanicals against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in Maize · 2019
Opposite direction
no effect
Foliar fertilization did not improve maize growth under short-term drought or salt stress.
Effect of foliar fertilization application on the growth and mineral nutrient content of maize seedlings under drought and salinity · 2008
Opposite direction
no effect
Phosphorus and zinc foliar spray had no effect on dry matter yield of forage maize.
The effects of a foliar spray containing phosphorus and zinc on the development, composition and yield of forage maize · 2001
Opposite direction

333 papers more in this group

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application · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

629 papers: 575 positive, 54 negative or no effect

574 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction · 12 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Foliar fungicides did not significantly improve yield in damaged or nondamaged plots.
Effect of Foliar Fungicides on Corn with Simulated Hail Damage · 2009 · compared with nontreated controls
Opposite direction
no effect
More than three spray applications generally gave no further yield gain.
Maize Yield Response to Chemical Control of Spodoptera frugiperda at Different Plant Growth Stages in South Africa · 2021
Opposite direction
negative
Foliar fertilizer applied from 2 weeks after silking reduced corn grain yield by 6.4% in 1977.
Corn Grain Yield and Nutrient Response to Foliar Fertilizer Applied during Grain Fill¹ · 1982
Opposite direction

625 papers more in this group

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fertilization · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,164 papers: 1,026 positive, 138 negative or no effect

1,025 papers in the same direction as this paper · 127 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
Chemical fertilizer alone led to lower soil organic matter, water content and total N content.
Effects of cattle manure compost combined with chemical fertilizer on topsoil organic matter, bulk density and earthworm activity in a wheat–maize rotation system in Eastern China · 2015
Opposite direction
negative
Nitrogen fertilizer reduced grain Ca and Zn concentrations in maize.
Mineral Composition of the Grains of Tropical Maize Varieties as Affected by Pre‐Anthesis Drought and Rate of Nitrogen Fertilization · 2005
Opposite direction
negative
Commercially fertilized corn had higher fall nitrate and nitrate leaching than other crops or compost-amended corn.
Managing Soil Carbon and Nitrogen for Productivity and Environmental Quality · 2004 · compared with any other crop or for compost‐amended corn
Opposite direction

1,160 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3,908 papers: 3,485 positive, 423 negative or no effect

3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative

positive
The half mineral fertilizer plus algae extract treatment gave superior grain yield in the first season, 9077 kg.h-1.
ROLE OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING IN IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF MAIZE · 2022
Same directionCites this paper
positive
Synthetic fertilizers gave the highest carbon productivity at harvest, 10.58 t ha-1.
Physiological Efficiency of Sweet Corn (Zea Mays L. Var Saccharata) as Influenced by Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) 7 and Biofertilizers · 2019
Same directionCites this paper
positive
Grain yield was 7.81 and 8.00 t/ha, significantly higher with 75% RDF + Azotobacter + PGPR + HA + SWE.
Biostimulants based nutrient management on growth and yield of spring maize (Zea mays) under legume based cropping sequence · 2024
Same directionCites this paper

3,904 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 14

The same questions in other papers

other · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

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other · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

other · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

application · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

application · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

fertilization · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results