Abstract
Four bio-insecticides and one chemical insecticides were evaluated for their effectiveness in the control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on tomato plant. The effect of insecticides against larvae was estimated after 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days from application. The bio-chemical insecticides were Spinosad (Tracer 25%), Bacillus thurngiensis (Diple-2x 6.4%), Azadirachtiin (Neemix 4.5%) and Mineral oil (Petroleum derivative). The one chemical insecticide was Chlorantraniliprole (Coragen 20%). The bio-insecticides Mineral oil was more effective in the control of T. absoluta infesting tomato leaves, followed by Spinosad 25%, then Azadirachtiin 4.5% and least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4% after 14 days. But the chemical insecticides Chlorantraniliprole 20% was the most effective in reducing infestation of T. absoluta four bio-insecticides, these effects were concentration dependent of the tested bio-insecticides. The different efficacies of the considered bio- or chemical insecticides are discussed with regard to their mode of action. From results indicated Chlorantraniliprole was highest percentage of mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours in 2nd and 4th instar. But Mineral oil showed lowest percentage of mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Also, current study indicated some larvae were in mine, leaf surface and missing, the larvae number in mine was more from leaf surface and missing after used all insecticides under study.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral oil was the most effective bio-insecticide against tomato leafminer infestation after 14 days.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Mineral oile0
- Interactor
- T. absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae0pest - Outcome
- T. absoluta infesting tomato leavese0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Qualifier
- after 14 dayse0
- Comparator
- Spinosad 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Mineral oil was more effective in the control of T. absoluta infesting tomato leaves, followed by Spinosad 25%, then Azadirachtiin 4.5% and least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4% after 14 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad ranked after mineral oil for control of tomato leafminer infestation after 14 days.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Spinosad 25%e0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- control of T. absoluta infesting tomato leavese0
- Direction
- followed bye0
- Qualifier
- after 14 dayse0
- Comparator
- Mineral oile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mineral oil was more effective in the control of T. absoluta infesting tomato leaves, followed by Spinosad 25%, then Azadirachtiin 4.5% and least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4% after 14 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtiin ranked below Spinosad for tomato leafminer control after 14 days.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Azadirachtiin 4.5%e0
- Interactor
- Tuta. absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- then Azadirachtiin 4.5%e0
- Direction
- thene0
- Qualifier
- after 14 dayse0
- Comparator
- Spinosad 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by Spinosad 25%, then Azadirachtiin 4.5% and least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4% after 14 days”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus thurngiensis was least effective among the listed bio-insecticides after 14 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4%e0
- Interactor
- Tuta. absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4%e0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Qualifier
- after 14 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4% after 14 days”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole was most effective at reducing tomato leafminer infestation compared with the four bio-insecticides.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Chlorantraniliprole 20%e0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- infestation of T. absolutae0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- four bio-insecticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorantraniliprole 20% was the most effective in reducing infestation of T. absoluta four bio-insecticides”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio-insecticide effects against tomato leafminer depended on concentration.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- tested bio-insecticidese0
- Interactor
- Tuta. absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- effectse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these effects were concentration dependent of the tested bio-insecticides”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorantraniliprole gave the highest larval mortality at 24, 48 and 72 hours in second and fourth instars.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Chlorantraniliprolee0
- Interactor
- Tuta. absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- percentage of mortalitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- after 24, 48 and 72 hours in 2nd and 4th instare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorantraniliprole was highest percentage of mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours in 2nd and 4th instar”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral oil gave the lowest larval mortality at 24, 48 and 72 hours.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Mineral oile0
- Interactor
- Tuta. absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- percentage of mortalitye0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Qualifier
- after 24, 48 and 72 hourse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mineral oil showed lowest percentage of mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Following insecticide use, more tomato leafminer larvae were in mines than on leaf surfaces or missing.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- all insecticides under studye0
- Interactor
- Tuta. absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- larvae number in minee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- leaf surface and missinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the larvae number in mine was more from leaf surface and missing after used all insecticides under study”
t0“Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta”
The same questions in other papers
chlorantraniliprole · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →chlorantraniliprole · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →spinosad · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
15 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.