Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important cash crop in the lowland areas of Ethiopia. However, prevalence of Aspergillus invasions and subsequent aflatoxin contamination compromises the quality of groundnut kernels. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of farm yard manure (FYM) and seed treatments against Aspergillus species pod colonization and aflatoxin accumulation under field conditions. The inhibitory efficacy of Trichoderma species as biocontrol agents was also assessed. A total of 20 treatment combinations including pre-planting applications of FYM at 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 tons/ha and seed treatments with carbendazim at 2 g/kg and mancozeb at 3 g kg-1, and Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride each at 5 g/kg as well as untreated seed as control were used. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. The experiment was conducted in two consecutive seasons (2014 and 2015) at Babile Haramaya University sub-Research Station. The highest pod and seed yields (1901.5 and 1281.5 kg/ha, respectively) were recovered from plots treated with T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seed. A. flavus was abundantly recorded in control plots, which could be responsible for the high aflatoxin B1 (5704.4 µg/kg) and B2 (2219.0 µg/kg) contamination. However, plots treated with T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seed and FYM at 5 tons/ha + T. harzianum at 5 g/kg were free from aflatoxin. Integrations of T. harzianum as biocontrol seed treatment and soil amendment with FYM were effective in the pre-harvest management of Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins contamination. Key words: Aflatoxin, Aspergillus, carbendazim, farm yard manure, groundnut, mancozeb, Trichoderma species.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum seed treatment gave the highest pod yield, 1901.5 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- pode0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1901.5e0
- Qualifier
- kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“The highest pod and seed yields (1901.5 and 1281.5 kg/ha, respectively) were recovered from plots treated with T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum seed treatment gave the highest seed yield, 1281.5 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- seed yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1281.5 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“The highest pod and seed yields (1901.5 and 1281.5 kg/ha, respectively) were recovered from plots treated with T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
A. flavus was abundant in untreated control plots.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Interactor
- A. flavus
Aspergillus flavuse0pathogen - Outcome
- A. flavus was abundantly recordede0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“A. flavus was abundantly recorded in control plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plots had aflatoxin B1 contamination of 5704.4 µg/kg.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- aflatoxin B1e0
- Value
- 5704.4 µg/kge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“high aflatoxin B1 (5704.4 µg/kg) and B2 (2219.0 µg/kg) contamination”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plots had aflatoxin B2 contamination of 2219.0 µg/kg.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- B2e0
- Value
- 2219.0 µg/kge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“high aflatoxin B1 (5704.4 µg/kg) and B2 (2219.0 µg/kg) contamination”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum seed treatment alone produced plots free of aflatoxin.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- free from aflatoxine0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“plots treated with T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seed and FYM at 5 tons/ha + T. harzianum at 5 g/kg were free from aflatoxin”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM at 5 tons/ha plus T. harzianum seed treatment produced plots free of aflatoxin.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- FYM at 5 tons/ha + T. harzianum at 5 g/kge0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- free from aflatoxine0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“plots treated with T. harzianum at 5 g/kg seed and FYM at 5 tons/ha + T. harzianum at 5 g/kg were free from aflatoxin”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that T. harzianum seed treatment integrated with FYM was effective for preharvest management of Aspergillus and aflatoxin contamination.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- T. harzianum as biocontrol seed treatment and soil amendment with FYMe0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus spp.
Aspergilluse0pathogen - Second interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- pre-harvest management of Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins contaminatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e0“Integrations of T. harzianum as biocontrol seed treatment and soil amendment with FYM were effective in the pre-harvest management of Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins contamination.”
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See all 27 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.