Paper · 2018 · Egyptian Journal of Botany

Physiological effects of Spirulina platensis in salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants

Eman Selem

10
claims
30
verbatim quotes
26
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Salinity is one of the most important problems in Egypt. Soil salinity decreases growth, photosynthetic activity, and results in nutrient imbalance in plants. This study evaluated the efficacy of the foliar applied Spirulina platensis (100mg/L) in reducing salinity effects in Vicia faba L. plants. The treatments are, T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl, equivalent to 13dS m−1), T3 (Spirulina platensis, 100mg/L), and T4 (salinity, 135mM+ Spirulina platensis, 100mg/L). Salinity decreased significantly chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, weights of 100 seed, photosynthetic activity (14CO2 fixation), transpiration rate , total protein and (N, P and K). Application of T4 improved the above parameters as compared to salt-stressed plants. Salinity increased significantly the SOD, POD, CAT, GPX, MDA, free proline, total phenol and Na+ andCl− as compared to the control plants. However, T4 treatment decreased the activity of the above parameters as compared to salt-stressed plants. Foliar applied Spirulina platensis ameliorated adverse effects of salinity by enhancing total protein level, N, P and K and photosynthetic activity (14CO2 assimilation). This first attempt to evaluate the potential of Spirulina platensis as growth enhancer under salt-stressed Vicia faba indicated that exogenously applied Spirulina platensis (100mg/L) provided more benefit against salinity stress.

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity decreased chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids and weight of 100 seeds of Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, weights of 100 seede2
Direction
decreasede2
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e2

“Salinity decreased significantly chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, weights of 100 seed, photosynthetic activity (14CO2 fixation), transpiration rate , total protein and (N, P and K)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 480–657 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity decreased photosynthetic activity and transpiration rate of Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
photosynthetic activity (14CO2 fixation), transpiration ratee2
Direction
decreasede2
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e2

“Salinity decreased significantly chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, weights of 100 seed, photosynthetic activity (14CO2 fixation), transpiration rate , total protein and (N, P and K)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 480–657 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity decreased total protein and N, P and K of Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
total protein and (N, P and K)e2
Direction
decreasede2
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e2

“Salinity decreased significantly chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, weights of 100 seed, photosynthetic activity (14CO2 fixation), transpiration rate , total protein and (N, P and K)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 480–657 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased SOD, POD and CAT activities of Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
SOD, POD, CATe4
Direction
increasede4
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e4

“Salinity increased significantly the SOD, POD, CAT, GPX, MDA, free proline, total phenol”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–832 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased GPX, MDA and free proline of Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
GPX, MDA, free prolinee4
Direction
increasede4
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e4

“Salinity increased significantly the SOD, POD, CAT, GPX, MDA, free proline, total phenol”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–832 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased total phenol of Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
total phenole4
Direction
increasede4
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e4

“Salinity increased significantly the SOD, POD, CAT, GPX, MDA, free proline, total phenol”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–832 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity increased Na+ and Cl- in Vicia faba compared with control.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
salinity, 135mM from NaCle0
Outcome
Na+ andCl−e5
Direction
increasede4
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e0

“T1 (control), T2 (salinity, 135mM from NaCl”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–362 · show in text ↑
e4

“Salinity increased significantly the SOD, POD, CAT, GPX, MDA, free proline, total phenol”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 744–832 · show in text ↑
e5

“total phenol and Na+ andCl− as compared to the control plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–881 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar Spirulina platensis improved the measured parameters of salt-stressed Vicia faba.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
foliar applied Spirulina platensis (100mg/L)e1
Outcome
the above parameterse3
Direction
improvede3
Comparator
salt-stressed plantse3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e1

“the foliar applied Spirulina platensis (100mg/L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 196–244 · show in text ↑
e3

“Application of T4 improved the above parameters as compared to salt-stressed plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 659–742 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar Spirulina platensis decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities of salt-stressed Vicia faba.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
foliar applied Spirulina platensis (100mg/L)e1
Outcome
the activity of the above parameterse7
Direction
decreasede7
Comparator
salt-stressed plantse7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e1

“the foliar applied Spirulina platensis (100mg/L)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 196–244 · show in text ↑
e7

“T4 treatment decreased the activity of the above parameters as compared to salt-stressed plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 892–987 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar Spirulina platensis ameliorated adverse effects of salinity on Vicia faba.

Taxon
Vicia faba L.Vicia fabat0
Treatment
Foliar applied Spirulina platensise6
Outcome
adverse effects of salinitye6
Direction
amelioratede6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vicia faba
Vicia faba · TaxonRahmaziz · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“salt stressed Vicia faba L. plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 48–82 · show in text ↑
e6

“Foliar applied Spirulina platensis ameliorated adverse effects of salinity by enhancing total protein level, N, P and K and photosynthetic activity (14CO2 assimilation)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1157 · show in text ↑

sodium chloride · physiology: pigments · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results differ

6 papers: 1 positive, 5 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

sodium chloride · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

sodium chloride · quality: protein · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

sodium chloride · quality: phytochemicals · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

sodium chloride · physiology: oxidative · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree

3 papers: 0 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. no effect
  2. negative
See all 3 papers →

sodium chloride · physiology: ion balance · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree

4 papers: 0 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative
See all 4 papers →

sodium chloride · physiology: photosynthesis · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree

6 papers: 0 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

salinity · quality: phytochemicals · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 1 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
See all 3 papers →

8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.