Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To effectively use corn stover resources as animal feed, the changes in microbial population and chemical composition of corn stover during field exposure, and their silage fermentation and in vitro digestibility were studied. METHODS: Corn cultivars (Jintian, Jinnuo, and Xianyu) stovers from 4 random sections of the field were harvested at the preliminary dough stage of maturity on September 2, 2015. The corn stover exposed in the field for 0, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 180 d, and their silages at 60 d of ensiling were used for the analysis of microbial population, chemical composition, fermentation quality, and in vitro digestibility. Data were analyzed with a completely randomized 3×6 [corn stover cultivar (C)×exposure d (D)] factorial treatment design. Analysis of variance was performed using SAS ver. 9.0 software (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). RESULTS: Aerobic bacteria were dominant population in fresh corn stover. After ensiling, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) became the dominant bacteria, while other microbes decreased or dropped below the detection level. The crude protein (CP) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) for fresh stover were 6.74% to 9.51% and 11.75% to 13.21% on a dry matter basis, respectively. After exposure, the CP and WSC contents decreased greatly. Fresh stover had a relatively low dry matter while high WSC content and LAB counts, producing silage of good quality, but the dry stover did not. Silage fermentation inhibited nutrient loss and improved the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility. CONCLUSION: The results confirm that fresh corn stover has good ensiling characteristics and that it can produce silage of good quality.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Aerobic bacteria dominated fresh corn stover.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- stovere0
- Outcome
- Aerobic bacteria were dominant populatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aerobic bacteria were dominant population in fresh corn stover”
Claim · model-written summary
After ensiling, lactic acid bacteria dominated corn stover while other microbes declined.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ensilinge0
- Outcome
- lactic acid bacteria (LAB) became the dominant bacteriae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After ensiling, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) became the dominant bacteria, while other microbes decreased or dropped below the detection level”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh stover crude protein ranged from 6.74% to 9.51%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- stovere0
- Outcome
- crude proteine0
- Value
- 6.74% to 9.51%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The crude protein (CP) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) for fresh stover were 6.74% to 9.51% and 11.75% to 13.21% on a dry matter basis”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh stover water-soluble carbohydrate ranged from 11.75% to 13.21%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- stovere0
- Outcome
- water-soluble carbohydratee0
- Value
- 11.75% to 13.21%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The crude protein (CP) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) for fresh stover were 6.74% to 9.51% and 11.75% to 13.21% on a dry matter basis”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Field exposure greatly decreased stover crude protein and water-soluble carbohydrate.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- exposuree0
- Outcome
- CP and WSC contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After exposure, the CP and WSC contents decreased greatly”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh stover produced good quality silage whereas dry stover did not.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- silage of good qualitye0
- Comparator
- dry stovere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh stover had a relatively low dry matter while high WSC content and LAB counts, producing silage of good quality, but the dry stover did not”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Silage fermentation inhibited nutrient loss.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Silage fermentatione0
- Outcome
- nutrient losse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silage fermentation inhibited nutrient loss”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Silage fermentation improved fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Silage fermentatione0
- Outcome
- fermentation quality and in vitro digestibilitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silage fermentation inhibited nutrient loss and improved the fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility”
t0“corn”
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