Abstract
Effects of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were studied on lentil plants inoculated with Alternaria alternata , Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli , Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Meloidogyne incognita . Plant growth, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents, nitrate reductase (NR) activity and nodulation of lentil both in the presence and absence of Rhizobium sp. were examined in a pot test. Inoculation of plants with A. alternata / F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis / X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli / P. syringae pv. syringae or M. incognita caused a significant reduction in plant growth, number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoids and NR activity over uninoculated control. Inoculation of plants with Rhizobium sp. with or without pathogen increased plant growth and number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoids and NR activity. When plants were grown without Rhizobium , a foliar spray of plants with 10 ml solution of 0.1 mg ml –1 of ZnO NPs per plant caused a significant increase in plant growth and number of pods, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and NR activity in both inoculated and uninoculated plants. Spray of ZnO NPs to plants inoculated with Rhizobium sp. caused non significant increase in plant growth, number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and NR activity when plants were either uninoculated or inoculated with pathogens. Numbers of nodules per root system were high in plants treated with Rhizobium sp. but foliar spray of ZnO NPs had adverse effect on nodulation. Inoculation of plants with test pathogens also reduced nodulation. Spray of ZnO NPs to plants reduced galling, nematode multiplication, wilt, blight and leaf spot disease severity indices.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen inoculation significantly reduced lentil growth, pod number, pigments and nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- lentil
Lens culinarist0 - Treatment
- Inoculation of plantse0
- Outcome
- plant growth, number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoids and NR activitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- A. alternata / F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis / X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli / P. syringae pv. syringae or M. incognitae0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“Inoculation of plants with A. alternata / F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis / X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli / P. syringae pv. syringae or M. incognita caused a significant reduction in plant growth, number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoids and NR activity over uninoculated control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium inoculation increased lentil growth, pod number, pigments and nitrate reductase activity with or without pathogens.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of plants with Rhizobium sp.e0
- Outcome
- plant growth and number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoids and NR activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“Inoculation of plants with Rhizobium sp. with or without pathogen increased plant growth and number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoids and NR activity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Without Rhizobium, ZnO nanoparticle spray significantly increased lentil growth, pod number, pigments and nitrate reductase activity in inoculated and uninoculated plants.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- a foliar spray of plants with 10 ml solution of 0.1 mg ml –1 of ZnO NPs per plante0
- Outcome
- plant growth and number of pods, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and NR activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- without Rhizobiume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“When plants were grown without Rhizobium , a foliar spray of plants with 10 ml solution of 0.1 mg ml –1 of ZnO NPs per plant caused a significant increase in plant growth and number of pods, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and NR activity in both inoculated and uninoculated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
With Rhizobium, ZnO nanoparticle spray caused a nonsignificant increase in lentil growth, pod number, pigments and nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Spray of ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- plant growth, number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and NR activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“Spray of ZnO NPs to plants inoculated with Rhizobium sp. caused non significant increase in plant growth, number of pods per plant, chlorophyll, carotenoid contents and NR activity when plants were either uninoculated or inoculated with pathogens.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium treatment produced high nodule numbers in lentil.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- treated with Rhizobium sp.e0
- Outcome
- Numbers of nodules per root systeme0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“Numbers of nodules per root system were high in plants treated with Rhizobium sp.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO nanoparticle spray adversely affected lentil nodulation.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- nodulatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“foliar spray of ZnO NPs had adverse effect on nodulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Test pathogen inoculation reduced lentil nodulation.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of plants with test pathogense0
- Outcome
- nodulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“Inoculation of plants with test pathogens also reduced nodulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO nanoparticle spray reduced lentil galling, nematode multiplication and disease severity indices.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- Spray of ZnO NPse0
- Outcome
- galling, nematode multiplication, wilt, blight and leaf spot disease severity indicese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lentil”
e0“Spray of ZnO NPs to plants reduced galling, nematode multiplication, wilt, blight and leaf spot disease severity indices.”
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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application · Rhizobium · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.