Abstract
A weed management study on onion (Allium cepa L.) was conducted at Birsa Agricultural University, Jharkhand, India during winter season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 in a randomized block design comprised of nine weed control treatments consisting plastic mulch, available weeds mulch, straw mulch, cover crops (Fenugreek), oxyfluorfen 0.5 kg/ha pre-emergent (PE), pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE, mechanical weeding by Dutch hoe, hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 days after transplanting (DAT) and weedy check. Hand weeding at 20, 40 and 60 DAT was most effective in reducing weed dry matter however it was similar to plastic mulch at all the growth stages of crop during 2016-17, 2017-18 as well as in pooled except at 60 DAT in 2016-17. Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check. Application of plastic mulch recorded 300 and 38 percent higher onion yield during 2016-17, 1959 and 117 percent during 2017-18, 576 and 70 percent higher under pooled data compared to weedy check and hand weeding respectively. Plastic mulch also recorded maximum net return 364136, 380185 and 372160 /ha during 2016-17, 2017-18 and under pooled data similar to net return with application of oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha PE, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE and hand weeding during 2016-17 while under pooled data maximum B:C ratio was with plastic mulch and was similar to oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha PE, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE and hand weeding.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding was most effective at reducing weed dry matter and was generally similar to plastic mulch.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- Hand weeding at 20, 40 and 60 DATe0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- plastic mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hand weeding at 20, 40 and 60 DAT was most effective in reducing weed dry matter however it was similar to plastic mulch at all the growth stages of crop during 2016-17, 2017-18 as well as in pooled except at 60 DAT in 2016-17.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter by 75.83% at 30 DAT in 2016-17.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 75.83e0
- Qualifier
- 2016-17e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter by 84.83% at 60 DAT in 2016-17.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 84.83 percente0
- Qualifier
- 2016-17e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter by 100% at 30 DAT in 2017-18.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 100e0
- Qualifier
- 2017-18e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter by 89.21% at 60 DAT in 2017-18.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 89.21 percente0
- Qualifier
- 2017-18e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled hand weeding reduced weed dry matter by 98.64% at 30 DAT.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 98.64e0
- Qualifier
- pooled data at 30 and 60 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled hand weeding reduced weed dry matter by 88.62% at 60 DAT.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 88.62 percente0
- Qualifier
- pooled data at 30 and 60 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch reduced weed dry matter by 70.73% at 30 DAT in 2016-17.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche0
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 70.73e0
- Qualifier
- 2016-17e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch reduced weed dry matter by 40.32% at 60 DAT in 2016-17.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche0
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 40.32 percente0
- Qualifier
- 2016-17e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch reduced weed dry matter by 100% at 30 DAT in 2017-18.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 100e0
- Qualifier
- 2017-18e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch reduced weed dry matter by 93.64% at 60 DAT in 2017-18.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 93.64 percente0
- Qualifier
- 2017-18e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled plastic mulch reduced weed dry matter by 98.37% at 30 DAT.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 98.37e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled plastic mulch reduced weed dry matter by 86.52% at 60 DAT.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche1
- Interactor
- weede1weed
- Outcome
- weed dry mattere1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 86.52 percente0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
e1“Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch increased onion yield relative to weedy check by 300%, 1959%, and 576% in 2016-17, 2017-18, and pooled data.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- onion yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 300e0
- Qualifier
- 2016-17e0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of plastic mulch recorded 300 and 38 percent higher onion yield during 2016-17, 1959 and 117 percent during 2017-18, 576 and 70 percent higher under pooled data compared to weedy check and hand weeding respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch increased onion yield relative to hand weeding by 38%, 117%, and 70% in 2016-17, 2017-18, and pooled data.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- onion yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 38 percente0
- Comparator
- hand weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of plastic mulch recorded 300 and 38 percent higher onion yield during 2016-17, 1959 and 117 percent during 2017-18, 576 and 70 percent higher under pooled data compared to weedy check and hand weeding respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plastic mulch gave maximum net returns of 364136, 380185 and 372160 /ha across the two years and pooled data.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plastic mulch also recorded maximum net return 364136, 380185 and 372160 /ha during 2016-17, 2017-18 and under pooled data”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Pooled maximum benefit-cost ratio occurred with plastic mulch and was similar to three other treatments.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- plastic mulche0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- hand weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under pooled data maximum B:C ratio was with plastic mulch and was similar to oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha PE, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE and hand weeding.”
t0“onion”
The same questions in other papers
mulching · yield · Allium cepa (onion)Results differ
42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
46 papers more in this group
See all 50 papers →transplanting · weed · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →herbicide · weed · Allium cepa (onion)Positive and negative results
71 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
70 papers more in this group
See all 74 papers →mulching · weed · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
13 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.