Abstract
Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is crucial for plant defence against pathogen attack. The best characterized PAMP is flg22, a 22 amino acid conserved peptide from flagellin protein. In Arabidopsis thaliana, flg22 is recognized by the flagellin sensing 2 (FLS2) receptor. In this study, we focused on biotic stress responses triggered by flg22 after exposure to temporary heat stress (HS). It is important to study the reactions of plants to multiple stress conditions because plants are often exposed simultaneously to a combination of both abiotic and biotic stresses. Transient early production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a well-characterized response to PAMP recognition. We demonstrate the strong reduction of flg22-induced ROS production in A. thaliana after HS treatment. In addition, a decrease in FLS2 transcription and a decrease of the FLS2 presence at the plasma membrane are shown after HS. In summary, our data show the strong inhibitory effect of HS on flg22-triggered events in A. thaliana. Subsequently, temporary HS strongly decreases the resistance of A. thaliana to Pseudomonas syringae. We propose that short exposure to high temperature is a crucial abiotic stress factor that suppresses PAMP-triggered immunity, which subsequently leads to the higher susceptibility of plants to pathogens.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress strongly reduced flg22-induced ROS production in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Treatment
- HS treatmente0
- Outcome
- flg22-induced ROS productione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We demonstrate the strong reduction of flg22-induced ROS production in A. thaliana after HS treatment.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress decreased FLS2 transcription.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- HSe0
- Gene
- FLS2e0
- Outcome
- FLS2 transcriptione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in FLS2 transcription and a decrease of the FLS2 presence at the plasma membrane are shown after HS.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress decreased FLS2 presence at the plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- HSe0
- Gene
- FLS2e0
- Outcome
- FLS2 presence at the plasma membranee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a decrease in FLS2 transcription and a decrease of the FLS2 presence at the plasma membrane are shown after HS.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Temporary heat stress strongly decreased resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to Pseudomonas syringae.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- temporary HSe0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringaee0pathogen - Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“temporary HS strongly decreases the resistance of A. thaliana to Pseudomonas syringae.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that brief high temperature exposure suppresses PAMP-triggered immunity and leads to greater pathogen susceptibility.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- short exposure to high temperaturee0
- Outcome
- higher susceptibility of plants to pathogense0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- suppresses PAMP-triggered immunitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We propose that short exposure to high temperature is a crucial abiotic stress factor that suppresses PAMP-triggered immunity, which subsequently leads to the higher susceptibility of plants to pathogens.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.