Abstract
In Egypt, a large number of tomato varieties are grown but most of them lost their potential mainly because of the biotic and abiotic factors. Among these factors, heat stress that is one of the most important determinants of the continuity of the production in the late summer period. The aim of the current study was to assay the role of some treatments in lessening the harmful impacts of high temperatures on production of two commercial hyrids "Alisa F1" and "888 hybrid". The study was elaborated in the open field at El-Baramoun farm, Mansoura Horticulture Research Station, Dakahlia governorate during two successive late summer seasons of 2014 and 2015. The experimental design was in split plot included six treatments i.e., naphthaline acetic acid (NAA) at 2.5 ppm, Purshade (CaCO3) 1%, Kaoline (Aluminum silicate) 2.5% as foliar spray and intercropping with maize through two levels of shading; shade 2 (intercropping with maize at two meters apart at the same side of ridge planted with tomato; shade 3 (intercropping at three meters apart at the same side of ridge planted with tomato). Significant differences were observed between "Alissa F1" and "888 hybrid" tomato hybrids for the majority of studied traits. In general, the mean performance of "888 hybrid" grown under high temperature was better and more tolerant than "Alissa F1". In regard to effect of the treatments, both treatments of shade 2 and NAA gave the highest plant height without significant differences between them. Furthermore, NAA at 2.5 ppm gave the great number of branches per plant over the two seasons. In addition, expressive increase in the leaf area was recorded for all treatments in the second season comparing with the first one, however, the shade 3 treatment gave the highest leaf area over the two seasons estimated by 730.87 cm and 772.8 cm, respectively. The treatment of NAA caused a high and significant increase in the total chlorophyll content over the control during the two seasons estimated by 1.15 and 1.72 mg/g, respectively followed by Kaoline treatment. In contrast, a great accumulation of dry weight was observed with the shade 3 treatment that gave 30.03 % and 30.22%, for the first and second season, respectively followed by NAA treatment. Kaoline caused a significant increase in TSS % compared with the control. High vitamin C content was recorded by the NAA treatment with significant differences comparing with the control. Concerning fruit firmness, shade 3 has a significant effect on firmness over the two seasons that estimated by 30.55 and 30.98 inch/cm2, for the first and second season, respectively followed by Kaoline and CaCO3 treatments. In addition, the foliar application by NAA increased significantly fruit set % that estimated by 13.10 % and 8.83 % for "888 hybrid" and "Alissa F1", respectively over the control. Concerning the total fruit yield, the shade 3 treatment recorded an increase estimated by 10.45 and 10.68 ton/fed over the control for "888 hybrid" and "Alissa F1", respectively as a mean performance of the two years followed by NAA treatment. According to the previous results, it can recommended under high temperature spraying tomato plants by NAA at 2.5 ppm combined with intercropping with maize at three meters apart at the same side of ridge planted with tomato which enhanced different vegetative growth parameters as well as the quantity and quality of fruit yield.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
The 888 hybrid grown under high temperature was better and more tolerant than Alissa F1.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Material
- 888 hybride2
- Treatment
- grown under high temperaturee2
- Outcome
- mean performancee2
- Direction
- better and more tolerante2
- Comparator
- Alissa F1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e2“In general, the mean performance of "888 hybrid" grown under high temperature was better and more tolerant than "Alissa F1"”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade 2 gave the highest plant height of tomato, without significant differences from NAA.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- shade 2e3
- Outcome
- plant heighte3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- without significant differences between theme3
- Comparator
- NAAe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e3“both treatments of shade 2 and NAA gave the highest plant height without significant differences between them”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA gave the highest plant height of tomato, without significant differences from shade 2.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NAAe3
- Outcome
- plant heighte3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Qualifier
- without significant differences between theme3
- Comparator
- shade 2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e3“both treatments of shade 2 and NAA gave the highest plant height without significant differences between them”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA at 2.5 ppm gave the greatest number of branches per tomato plant over the two seasons.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NAA at 2.5 ppme4
- Outcome
- number of branches per plante4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Qualifier
- over the two seasonse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e4“NAA at 2.5 ppm gave the great number of branches per plant over the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf area of tomato increased in the second season compared with the first, for all treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- leaf areae5
- Direction
- increasee5
- Qualifier
- in the second season comparing with the first onee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e5“expressive increase in the leaf area was recorded for all treatments in the second season comparing with the first one”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade 3 gave the highest tomato leaf area over the two seasons, 730.87 cm and 772.8 cm.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- shade 3e6
- Outcome
- leaf areae6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 730.87 cm and 772.8 cme6
- Qualifier
- over the two seasonse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e6“the shade 3 treatment gave the highest leaf area over the two seasons estimated by 730.87 cm and 772.8 cm, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA significantly increased total chlorophyll content of tomato over the control, by 1.15 and 1.72 mg/g in the two seasons.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NAAe7
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente7
- Direction
- increasee7
- Value
- 1.15 and 1.72 mg/ge7
- Comparator
- controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e7“The treatment of NAA caused a high and significant increase in the total chlorophyll content over the control during the two seasons estimated by 1.15 and 1.72 mg/g, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade 3 gave the greatest accumulation of tomato dry weight, 30.03 % and 30.22 % in the two seasons.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- shade 3e1
- Outcome
- dry weighte1
- Direction
- great accumulatione1
- Value
- 30.03 % and 30.22%e1
- Qualifier
- for the first and second seasone1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“a great accumulation of dry weight was observed with the shade 3 treatment that gave 30.03 % and 30.22%, for the first and second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Kaolin significantly increased tomato TSS % compared with the control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Kaolinee1
- Outcome
- TSS %e1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“Kaoline caused a significant increase in TSS % compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA gave high tomato vitamin C content, with significant differences from the control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NAAe1
- Outcome
- vitamin C contente1
- Direction
- Highe1
- Comparator
- controle1
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“High vitamin C content was recorded by the NAA treatment with significant differences comparing with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade 3 had a significant effect on tomato fruit firmness, 30.55 and 30.98 inch/cm2 over the two seasons.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- shade 3e1
- Outcome
- firmnesse1
- Value
- 30.55 and 30.98 inch/cm2e1
- Qualifier
- over the two seasonse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“shade 3 has a significant effect on firmness over the two seasons that estimated by 30.55 and 30.98 inch/cm2”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA significantly increased fruit set of the 888 hybrid tomato by 13.10 % over the control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- 888 hybride1
- Treatment
- NAAe1
- Outcome
- fruit set %e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 13.10 %e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“the foliar application by NAA increased significantly fruit set % that estimated by 13.10 % and 8.83 % for "888 hybrid" and "Alissa F1", respectively over the control”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA significantly increased fruit set of the Alissa F1 tomato by 8.83 % over the control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Alissa F1e1
- Treatment
- NAAe1
- Outcome
- fruit set %e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8.83 %e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“the foliar application by NAA increased significantly fruit set % that estimated by 13.10 % and 8.83 % for "888 hybrid" and "Alissa F1", respectively over the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade 3 increased total fruit yield of the 888 hybrid tomato over the control, by 10.45 ton/fed (mean of two years).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- 888 hybride1
- Treatment
- shade 3e1
- Outcome
- total fruit yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 10.45e1
- Qualifier
- as a mean performance of the two yearse1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“Concerning the total fruit yield, the shade 3 treatment recorded an increase estimated by 10.45 and 10.68 ton/fed over the control for "888 hybrid" and "Alissa F1", respectively as a mean performance of the two years”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade 3 increased total fruit yield of the Alissa F1 tomato over the control, by 10.68 ton/fed (mean of two years).
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Alissa F1e1
- Treatment
- shade 3e1
- Outcome
- total fruit yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 10.68e1
- Qualifier
- as a mean performance of the two yearse1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“Concerning the total fruit yield, the shade 3 treatment recorded an increase estimated by 10.45 and 10.68 ton/fed over the control for "888 hybrid" and "Alissa F1", respectively as a mean performance of the two years”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend spraying tomato plants with NAA at 2.5 ppm combined with intercropping with maize three meters apart under high temperature.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- spraying tomato plants by NAA at 2.5 ppm combined with intercropping with maizee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alleviating the Harmful Impacts of High Temperature on Tomato”
e1“it can recommended under high temperature spraying tomato plants by NAA at 2.5 ppm combined with intercropping with maize at three meters apart”
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See all 44 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.