Abstract
ABSTRACT Lodging is a severe problem for rice ( Oryza sativa L.) because it interferes with mechanical harvesting, and potentially results total crop loss. This study investigated whether a controlled‐release urea (CRU) could reduce lodging, improve the uptake of K and Si, and yields of direct‐seeded rice. The 2‐yr field experiment included four rates of CRU (120, 180, 240, and 360 kg N ha −1 ), each provided in one application; a conventional urea fertilizer provided in four applications (360 kg N ha −1 total); and a control with no N fertilizer. Results indicated that the N release rates from the CRUs were matched well to N uptakes by rice plants; hence, N use efficiencies were improved. Concentrations of K and Si in rice tissues were much higher for treatments with the full and reduced rates of CRU than for the full rate urea treatment. Lodging of rice only appeared to occur in the urea treatment. Microscopic examination revealed that cells of rice stems provided with CRU treatments were more resistant to lodging than stem cells from plants in the urea treatment.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled-release urea nitrogen release matched rice nitrogen uptake, improving nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- CRUse0
- Outcome
- N use efficienciese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the N release rates from the CRUs were matched well to N uptakes by rice plants; hence, N use efficiencies were improved.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice tissue potassium concentration was higher under full and reduced controlled-release urea rates than under full-rate conventional urea.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- full and reduced rates of CRUe0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of Ke0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Comparator
- full rate urea treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of K and Si in rice tissues were much higher for treatments with the full and reduced rates of CRU than for the full rate urea treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice tissue silicon concentration was higher under full and reduced controlled-release urea rates than under full-rate conventional urea.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- full and reduced rates of CRUe0
- Outcome
- Si in rice tissuese0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Comparator
- full rate urea treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of K and Si in rice tissues were much higher for treatments with the full and reduced rates of CRU than for the full rate urea treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice lodging appeared only under conventional urea treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- urea treatmente0
- Outcome
- Lodging of ricee0
- Direction
- only appearede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lodging of rice only appeared to occur in the urea treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Microscopy indicated greater lodging resistance of rice stem cells under controlled-release urea than under conventional urea.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice stemse0
- Treatment
- CRU treatmentse0
- Outcome
- cells of rice stemse0
- Direction
- more resistante0
- Comparator
- urea treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cells of rice stems provided with CRU treatments were more resistant to lodging than stem cells from plants in the urea treatment.”
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