Abstract
The main research objective was to study if symbiotic microorganisms can be used in high quality grape grafted saplings production technologies in nursery gardens. For the purpose the laboratory and fi eld methods were used. Some variants with fungus-aulophyte introduction as well as spontaneous inoculation were compared. The standard industry techniques were used to defi ne the biological effi ciency and grape saplings unifi cation/commonality indicators. The number of the main ecologo-trophic microorganisms were assessed by the means of soil suspension inoculation on the solid nutritional medium, the mineralisation process intensity indicators were defi ned. Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased increased kidney blooming dynamics by 1,3-2 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased initial foliage growth dynamics by 1,3-2 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased by more than by 2,5 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased oligonitrofi ls by 3,1 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased pedotrofs by 3, 5 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased micromycetes by 1,7 times.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased grape saplings survival by 12,0-27,1 %.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased standard saplings exit by by 19-24 %.
Verbatim
e0“Sapling root inoculation with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively infl uenced the environmental stress adaptation of the plant, which was observed as an increased kidney blooming dynamics which was 1,3-2 times higher in comparison with control; and the initial foliage growth dynamics was 1,3-2 times more intensive in the fi rst two weeks after planting comparing with the control. Biological activity effi ciency of the elevated grape plant part was apparent; the leaf surface area was expanded by 14,0-42,1 %, the scion average length pulled out by 10,8-28,5 %, leaf surface area growing was signifi cantly more intensive in June-August period. Risogenesis was stimulated – the total number of roots increased by 1,3-1,6 times, 2 mm roots increased by 1,2-2,6 times, the total thickness of roots increased by 1,3-1,8 times. Microbiological activity growth of the soil rhizosphere was observed: the quantity of ammonifi ers grew by 1,6 times, mineral nitrogen immobilisers increased more than by 2,5 times, oligonitrofi ls – by 3,1 times, pedotrofs – by 3, 5 times, micromycetes – by 1,7 times. Steady growth of grape saplings survival in the nursery in environmental stressful conditions is recorded (12,0-27,1 %) as well as an increased standard saplings exit (by 19-24 %).”
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