Abstract
A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production is to cope with increasing grain yield and fertilizer use efficiency without compromising grain quality. This study was designed to determine if optimizing integrative cultivation management in rice could improve grain quality while increase yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). An indica-japonica hybrid rice cultivar and a japonica rice cultivar were grown in the field, with five cultivation managements including no N application (0 N), local farmer's practice (LFP), and three optimizing integrative cultivation managements, reducing N rate and increasing plant density (ND), ND+alternate wetting and moderate soil drying irrigation (NDW), and NDW+applying rapeseed cake fertilizer (NDWR). The results showed that the optimizing integrative cultivation managements could not only increase grain yield, but also enhance NUE compared to LFP. Compared to LFP, NDWR significantly increased brown, milled, head milled rice rate, ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starch, whereas decreased amylose content, gel consistency, prolamin content, setback value, percentage of chalky kernels, and chalkiness. The three optimizing integrative cultivation managements increased contents of total proteins, albumin and glutelin, activities of the key enzymes involved in the sucrose-starch conversion in grains, root oxidation activity, and malic and succinic acid concentrations in root exudates during the grain-filling period. The results suggested that optimizing integrative cultivation managements could improve grain quality meanwhile increase grain yield and NUE by enhancing physiological activities of rice plants.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Optimising integrative cultivation management increased rice grain yield compared with local farmer practice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- optimizing integrative cultivation managementse1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Comparator
- LFPe1
- Setting
- fielde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e1“The results showed that the optimizing integrative cultivation managements could not only increase grain yield, but also enhance NUE compared to LFP”
e2“were grown in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimising integrative cultivation management enhanced nitrogen use efficiency of rice compared with local farmer practice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- optimizing integrative cultivation managementse1
- Outcome
- NUEe1
- Direction
- enhancee1
- Comparator
- LFPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e1“The results showed that the optimizing integrative cultivation managements could not only increase grain yield, but also enhance NUE compared to LFP”
Claim · model-written summary
NDWR significantly increased brown, milled and head milled rice rate compared with local farmer practice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NDWRe3
- Outcome
- brown, milled, head milled rice ratee3
- Direction
- significantly increasede3
- Comparator
- LFPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e3“Compared to LFP, NDWR significantly increased brown, milled, head milled rice rate, ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starch”
Claim · model-written summary
NDWR significantly increased the ratio of kernel length to breadth and the breakdown value of starch compared with local farmer practice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NDWRe3
- Outcome
- ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starche3
- Direction
- significantly increasede3
- Comparator
- LFPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e3“Compared to LFP, NDWR significantly increased brown, milled, head milled rice rate, ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starch”
Claim · model-written summary
NDWR decreased amylose content, gel consistency and prolamin content compared with local farmer practice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NDWRe3
- Outcome
- amylose content, gel consistency, prolamin contente4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- LFPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e3“Compared to LFP, NDWR significantly increased brown, milled, head milled rice rate, ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starch”
e4“whereas decreased amylose content, gel consistency, prolamin content, setback value, percentage of chalky kernels, and chalkiness”
Claim · model-written summary
NDWR decreased setback value, percentage of chalky kernels and chalkiness compared with local farmer practice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NDWRe3
- Outcome
- setback value, percentage of chalky kernels, and chalkinesse4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- LFPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e3“Compared to LFP, NDWR significantly increased brown, milled, head milled rice rate, ratio of the kernel length to breadth and breakdown value of starch”
e4“whereas decreased amylose content, gel consistency, prolamin content, setback value, percentage of chalky kernels, and chalkiness”
Claim · model-written summary
The three optimising integrative cultivation managements increased grain total protein, albumin and glutelin contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- three optimizing integrative cultivation managementse5
- Outcome
- contents of total proteins, albumin and gluteline5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e5“The three optimizing integrative cultivation managements increased contents of total proteins, albumin and glutelin”
Claim · model-written summary
The three optimising integrative cultivation managements increased the activities of key enzymes of sucrose-starch conversion in grains.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- grainse7
- Treatment
- three optimizing integrative cultivation managementse5
- Outcome
- activities of the key enzymes involved in the sucrose-starch conversion in grainse7
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e5“The three optimizing integrative cultivation managements increased contents of total proteins, albumin and glutelin”
e7“activities of the key enzymes involved in the sucrose-starch conversion in grains”
Claim · model-written summary
The three optimising integrative cultivation managements increased root oxidation activity and malic and succinic acid concentrations in root exudates during grain filling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- grain-filling periode6
- Treatment
- three optimizing integrative cultivation managementse5
- Outcome
- root oxidation activity, and malic and succinic acid concentrations in root exudatese6
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A major challenge in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production”
e5“The three optimizing integrative cultivation managements increased contents of total proteins, albumin and glutelin”
e6“root oxidation activity, and malic and succinic acid concentrations in root exudates during the grain-filling period”
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