Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of penoxsulam 0.97%w/w (1.0%w/v) + butachlor 38.8% w/w (40% w/v) 41% SE applied as pre- emergence(0–7DAT) spray in standing water against complex weed flora in transplanted rice at CCS HAU Regional Research Station, Karnal during rainy (Kharif) seasons of 2015 and 2016. The crop was infested mainly with Echinochloa crus-galli (−15%), Ammannia baccifera (∼70%), and Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus and other sedges (−15 %). Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha being as good as weed free check provided almost complete control (98.1–98.5% WCE) of complex weed flora during both the years, and it was better than penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha (87–88%), butachlor 1500 g/ha (90%) and pretilachlor 1000 g/ha (91%). Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha resulted into the highest number of effective tillers and grain yield (5.43 t/ha in 2015 and 6.06 t/ha in 2016). It was superior to its lower doses (615 and 718 g/ha) and penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha during both the years, and butachlor 1500 g/ha during 2016. There was no crop phyto-toxicity of penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha (X) and 1640 g/ha (2X). Weeds allowed to grow throughout the crop season reduced the grain yield to the extent of 27.3 and 32.9% during 2015 and 2016, respectively.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha was as good as the weed-free check and gave almost complete control (98.1–98.5% WCE) of complex weed flora in transplanted rice in both years.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- WCEe1
- Direction
- almost complete controle1
- Value
- 98.1–98.5% WCEe1
- Comparator
- weed free checke1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha”
e1“being as good as weed free check provided almost complete control (98.1–98.5% WCE) of complex weed flora”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha controlled complex weed flora better (98.1–98.5% WCE) than penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha (87–88%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- WCEe2
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- 98.1–98.5% WCEe2
- Qualifier
- 87–88%e1
- Comparator
- penoxsulam 22.5 g/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha”
e1“it was better than penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha (87–88%), butachlor 1500 g/ha (90%) and pretilachlor 1000 g/ha (91%)”
e2“98.1–98.5% WCE”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha controlled complex weed flora better (98.1–98.5% WCE) than butachlor 1500 g/ha (90%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- WCEe2
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- 98.1–98.5% WCEe2
- Qualifier
- 90%e1
- Comparator
- butachlor 1500 g/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha”
e1“it was better than penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha (87–88%), butachlor 1500 g/ha (90%) and pretilachlor 1000 g/ha (91%)”
e2“98.1–98.5% WCE”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha controlled complex weed flora better (98.1–98.5% WCE) than pretilachlor 1000 g/ha (91%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- WCEe2
- Direction
- bettere1
- Value
- 98.1–98.5% WCEe2
- Qualifier
- 91%e1
- Comparator
- pretilachlor 1000 g/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha”
e1“it was better than penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha (87–88%), butachlor 1500 g/ha (90%) and pretilachlor 1000 g/ha (91%)”
e2“98.1–98.5% WCE”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha gave the highest number of effective tillers in transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- number of effective tillerse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha resulted into the highest number of effective tillers”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha gave the highest grain yield, 5.43 t/ha in 2015 and 6.06 t/ha in 2016.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.43 t/ha in 2015 and 6.06 t/ha in 2016e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha resulted into the highest number of effective tillers and grain yield (5.43 t/ha in 2015 and 6.06 t/ha in 2016)”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha was superior to its lower doses (615 and 718 g/ha).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- superiore1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- lower doses (615 and 718 g/ha)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha”
e1“It was superior to its lower doses (615 and 718 g/ha)”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha was superior to penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha during both years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- superiore1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- penoxsulam 22.5 g/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha”
e1“It was superior to its lower doses (615 and 718 g/ha) and penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha during both the years”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha was superior to butachlor 1500 g/ha during 2016.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/hae0
- Outcome
- superiore1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- butachlor 1500 g/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + butachlor 820 g/ha”
e1“It was superior to its lower doses (615 and 718 g/ha) and penoxsulam 22.5 g/ha during both the years, and butachlor 1500 g/ha during 2016”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha and at 1640 g/ha caused no crop phyto-toxicity in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha (X) and 1640 g/ha (2X)e0
- Outcome
- crop phyto-toxicitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no crop phyto-toxicity of penoxsulam + butachlor 41% SE at 820 g/ha (X) and 1640 g/ha (2X)”
t0“transplanted rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeds allowed to grow throughout the crop season reduced rice grain yield by 27.3% in 2015 and 32.9% in 2016.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Weeds allowed to grow throughout the crop seasone0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 27.3 and 32.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weeds allowed to grow throughout the crop season reduced the grain yield to the extent of 27.3 and 32.9% during 2015 and 2016, respectively”
t0“transplanted rice”
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