Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is economically and nutritionally important in Rwanda, but its production is challenged by the tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta Meyrick), an invasive pest. Synthetic insecticides which are primarily used for its control, have various drawbacks. Bioactivity of Tephrosia vogelii, Tithonia diversifolia, Vernonia amygdalina and Phytolacca dodecandra aqueous extracts was evaluated against T. absoluta in laboratory. Leaflets with third instar larvae (3.85 - 5.65 mm) of T. absoluta in mines were collected from established tomato field. Aqueous plants extracts were evaluated at a dose of 10 % weight/volume. Sterile tap water and azadirachtin 0.03 % EC were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Petri-dishes of 9 cm diameter (n=10) were used as bioassay arenas in a completely randomized design with four replications. Data on larval mortality were collected every 24 h for 5 days. Three bioassays were conducted on different dates. Results indicated that tested plant extracts exhibited a capacity to kill T. absoluta larvae in tomato leaf galleries with significant difference among them (P <0.0001). The killing capacity increased with exposure time. At 24 h of exposure, T. absoluta larvae mortality was in a range of 35.0 - 37.5 % for azadirachtin and 5.0 - 10.0 % for T. vogelii while all other aqueous extracts had 0.0 % mortality, except V. amygdalina which recorded 2.5 % in bioassay one. In all bioassays, the lowest mortality recorded 5 days after treatments with T. vogelii, T. diversifolia, V. amygdalina, P. dodecandra and azadirachtin was 32.2, 2.8. 2.5, 20.5 and 97.5 % while the highest mortality at this time was 35.1, 10.6, 13.3, 24.9 and 100 %, respectively. Tephrosia vogelii and P. dodecandra, which recorded higher efficacy compared to the other local plants, should be advanced to field evaluation. The observed higher efficacy of azadirachtin to Rwandan population of T. absoluta should also be confirmed under field conditions.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Tested plant extracts killed T. absoluta larvae in tomato galleries with significant differences among extracts.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- plant extractse0
- Interactor
- T. absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae0pest - Outcome
- T. absoluta larvae in tomato leaf galleriese0
- Direction
- kille0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“tested plant extracts exhibited a capacity to kill T. absoluta larvae in tomato leaf galleries with significant difference among them (P <0.0001).”
Claim · model-written summary
Larval mortality increased with exposure time.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- killing capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- exposure timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The killing capacity increased with exposure time.”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin caused 35.0 - 37.5 % T. absoluta larval mortality at 24 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- azadirachtine0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- T. absoluta larvae mortalitye0
- Value
- 35.0 - 37.5 %e0
- Qualifier
- 24 h of exposuree0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“At 24 h of exposure, T. absoluta larvae mortality was in a range of 35.0 - 37.5 % for azadirachtin”
Claim · model-written summary
T. vogelii caused 5.0 - 10.0 % T. absoluta larval mortality at 24 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T. vogeliie0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pestt0
- Outcome
- mortalitye1
- Value
- 5.0 - 10.0 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“5.0 - 10.0 % for T. vogelii”
e1“T. absoluta larvae mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
V. amygdalina caused 2.5 % larval mortality in the first bioassay at 24 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- V. amygdalinae0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye1
- Value
- 2.5 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“V. amygdalina which recorded 2.5 % in bioassay one”
e1“T. absoluta larvae mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Other aqueous extracts had 0.0 % larval mortality at 24 h.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- other aqueous extractse0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 0.0 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“all other aqueous extracts had 0.0 % mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
T. vogelii produced 32.2 to 35.1% larval mortality five days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T. vogeliie0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 32.2e0
- Qualifier
- 35.1e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“the lowest mortality recorded 5 days after treatments with T. vogelii, T. diversifolia, V. amygdalina, P. dodecandra and azadirachtin was 32.2, 2.8. 2.5, 20.5 and 97.5 % while the highest mortality at this time was 35.1, 10.6, 13.3, 24.9 and 100 %, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
T. diversifolia produced 2.8 to 10.6% larval mortality five days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T. diversifoliae0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 10.6e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“the lowest mortality recorded 5 days after treatments with T. vogelii, T. diversifolia, V. amygdalina, P. dodecandra and azadirachtin was 32.2, 2.8. 2.5, 20.5 and 97.5 % while the highest mortality at this time was 35.1, 10.6, 13.3, 24.9 and 100 %, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
V. amygdalina produced 2.5 to 13.3% larval mortality five days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- V. amygdalinae0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 13.3e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“the lowest mortality recorded 5 days after treatments with T. vogelii, T. diversifolia, V. amygdalina, P. dodecandra and azadirachtin was 32.2, 2.8. 2.5, 20.5 and 97.5 % while the highest mortality at this time was 35.1, 10.6, 13.3, 24.9 and 100 %, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
P. dodecandra produced 20.5 to 24.9% larval mortality five days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- P. dodecandrae0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 24.9e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“the lowest mortality recorded 5 days after treatments with T. vogelii, T. diversifolia, V. amygdalina, P. dodecandra and azadirachtin was 32.2, 2.8. 2.5, 20.5 and 97.5 % while the highest mortality at this time was 35.1, 10.6, 13.3, 24.9 and 100 %, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin produced 97.5 to 100% larval mortality five days after treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- azadirachtine0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- mortalitye0
- Value
- 100 %e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“the lowest mortality recorded 5 days after treatments with T. vogelii, T. diversifolia, V. amygdalina, P. dodecandra and azadirachtin was 32.2, 2.8. 2.5, 20.5 and 97.5 % while the highest mortality at this time was 35.1, 10.6, 13.3, 24.9 and 100 %, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend field evaluation of T. vogelii and P. dodecandra.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Tephrosia vogelii and P. dodecandrae0
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutat0pest
- Outcome
- should be advanced to field evaluatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta”
e0“Tephrosia vogelii and P. dodecandra, which recorded higher efficacy compared to the other local plants, should be advanced to field evaluation.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend field confirmation of azadirachtin efficacy against Rwandan T. absoluta.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- azadirachtine0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- should also be confirmed under field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The observed higher efficacy of azadirachtin to Rwandan population of T. absoluta should also be confirmed under field conditions.”
The same questions in other papers
Tephrosia vogelii · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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Phytolacca dodecandra · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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azadirachtin · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
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See all 10 papers →botanical · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
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19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.