Abstract
Fungal endophytes can improve plant tolerance to abiotic stress. However, the role of these plant-fungal interactions in invasive species ecology and their management implications remain unclear. This study characterized the fungal endophyte communities of native and invasive lineages of Phragmites australis and assessed the role of dark septate endophytes (DSE) in salt tolerance of this species. We used Illumina sequencing to characterize root fungal endophytes of contiguous stands of native and invasive P. australis along a salinity gradient. DSE colonization was assessed throughout the growing season in the field, and effects of fungal inoculation on salinity tolerance were investigated using laboratory and greenhouse studies. Native and invasive lineages had distinct fungal endophyte communities that shifted across the salinity gradient. DSE colonization was greater in the invasive lineage and increased with salinity. Laboratory studies showed that DSE inoculation increased P. australis seedling survival under salt stress; and a greenhouse assay revealed that the invasive lineage had higher aboveground biomass under mesohaline conditions when inoculated with a DSE. We observed that P. australis can establish mutualistic associations with DSE when subjected to salt stress. This type of plant-fungal association merits further investigation in integrated management strategies of invasive species and restoration of native Phragmites.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Native and invasive lineages had distinct endophyte communities that varied with salinity.
- Taxon
- P. australis
Phragmites australise1 - Outcome
- fungal endophyte communitiese0
- Qualifier
- shifted across the salinity gradiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Native and invasive lineages had distinct fungal endophyte communities that shifted across the salinity gradient.”
e1“DSE inoculation increased P. australis seedling survival under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
DSE colonization was greater in the invasive lineage and increased with salinity.
- Taxon
- P. australisPhragmites australise1
- Material
- invasive lineagee0
- Interactor
- DSEe0symbiont
- Outcome
- DSE colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSE colonization was greater in the invasive lineage and increased with salinity.”
e1“DSE inoculation increased P. australis seedling survival under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
DSE inoculation increased seedling survival under salt stress.
- Taxon
- P. australisPhragmites australise0
- Treatment
- DSE inoculatione0
- Interactor
- DSEe0symbiont
- Outcome
- seedling survivale0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSE inoculation increased P. australis seedling survival under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated invasive plants had higher aboveground biomass under mesohaline conditions.
- Taxon
- P. australisPhragmites australise1
- Material
- invasive lineagee0
- Treatment
- inoculated with a DSEe0
- Interactor
- DSEe0symbiont
- Outcome
- aboveground biomasse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under mesohaline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the invasive lineage had higher aboveground biomass under mesohaline conditions when inoculated with a DSE”
e1“DSE inoculation increased P. australis seedling survival under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Phragmites can establish mutualistic associations with DSE under salt stress.
- Taxon
- P. australisPhragmites australise0
- Interactor
- DSEe0symbiont
- Outcome
- mutualistic associations with DSEe0
- Qualifier
- when subjected to salt stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. australis can establish mutualistic associations with DSE when subjected to salt stress”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Phragmites australis (common reed)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
inoculation · growth · Phragmites australis (common reed)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.