Evaluation Effect of Spray Micronutrient Elements (Mn, Zn) on Seed Yields, Its Components and Protein Percentage of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Addition of fertilizers to supplement the natural soil fertility is essential for modern crop production, and precise management of nutrient elements is essential for a sustainable agriculture production. OBJECTIVES: Current study was conducted to assessment effect of different level of micronutrient crop production and seed protein content of wheat. METHODS: This research was carried out via factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2018 year. The first factor included spray different level of Zinc (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 kg.ha-1) and second factor consisted spray Manganese at three level (0, 2 and 4 gr.1000L-1). RESULT: Result of analysis of variance revealed effect of zinc and manganese on all measured traits (instead protein percentage) was significant also interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits (instead plant height, spike length and protein percentage) was significant. Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer. Also compare different level of manganese and interaction effect of treatments showed similar result. CONCLUSION: According result of current research the maximum amount of seed yield, its components, harvest index and protein percentage was belonged to consume spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese fertilizer and it can be advised to producers.

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Claims 14

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Zinc and manganese significantly affected all measured wheat traits except protein percentage.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: zinc and manganesee0
Outcome: all measured traitse0
Qualifier: instead protein percentagee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Triticum aestivum* · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e0
“Result of analysis of variance revealed effect of zinc and manganese on all measured traits (instead protein percentage) was significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 688–824 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The interaction of zinc and manganese treatments significantly affected all measured wheat traits except plant height, spike length and protein percentage.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: zinc and manganesee0
Outcome: all measured traitse4
Qualifier: instead plant height, spike length and protein percentagee4

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e0
“Result of analysis of variance revealed effect of zinc and manganese on all measured traits (instead protein percentage) was significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 688–824 · show in text ↑

e4
“also interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits (instead plant height, spike length and protein percentage) was significant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 825–961 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat plant height was highest at 89 cm with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: plant heighte1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 89 cme1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Wheat spike length was highest at 11 cm with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: spike lengthe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 11cme1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Number of spikes per square meter was highest at 403 with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: number of spike per square metere1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 403e1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Number of seeds per spike was highest at 42 with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: number of seed per spikee1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 42e1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

1000-seed weight was highest at 40 g with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: 1000-seed weighte1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 40gre1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield was highest at 5595 kg.ha-1 with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: seed yielde1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 5595 kg.ha-1e1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biological yield was highest at 10364 kg.ha-1 with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: biologic yielde1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 10364 kg.ha-1e1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Harvest index was highest at 54% with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: harvest indexe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 54%e1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Protein percentage was highest at 13% with 10 kg.ha-1 zinc.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizere1
Outcome: protein percentagee1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 13%e1
Comparator: different level of zince1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e1
“Mean comparison result of different level of zinc indicated the highest amount of plant height (89 cm), spike length (11cm), number of spike per square meter (403), number of seed per spike (42), 1000-seed weight (40gr), seed yield (5595 kg.ha-1), biologic yield (10364 kg.ha-1), harvest index (54%) and protein percentage (13%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 963–1332 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Different manganese levels gave a similar result.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: different level of manganesee2
Outcome: similar resulte2

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e2
“Also compare different level of manganese and interaction effect of treatments showed similar result”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1334–1434 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spraying 10 kg.ha-1 zinc with 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese gave the maximum seed yield, its components, harvest index and protein percentage.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese fertilizere3
Outcome: seed yield, its components, harvest index and protein percentagee3
Direction: maximume3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e3
“the maximum amount of seed yield, its components, harvest index and protein percentage was belonged to consume spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese fertilizer and it can be advised to producers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1485–1690 · show in text ↑

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Producers can be advised to spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese on wheat.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese fertilizere3
Outcome: it can be advised to producerse3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 116–144 · show in text ↑

e3
“the maximum amount of seed yield, its components, harvest index and protein percentage was belonged to consume spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese fertilizer and it can be advised to producers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1485–1690 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

64 papers: 56 positive, 8 negative or no effect

55 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

no effect
Foliar Zn had no significant effect on wheat grain protein concentration.
Foliar zinc fertilization improves the zinc nutritional value of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain · 2011
Opposite direction
no effect
Zinc treatment had no significant reported effect on grain protein concentrations.
The Effect of Different Zinc Application Methods on Yield and Grain Zinc Concentration of Bread Wheat Varieties · 2017
Opposite direction
negative
Zinc application decreased wheat fraction protein content.
Effect of Zn application methods on distribution of Zn,phytate and protein in wheat pearling fractions · 2011
Opposite direction

60 papers more in this group

See all 64 papers →

zinc atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

200 papers: 155 positive, 45 negative or no effect

154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Surfactant with chelated zinc sprays did not cause negative wheat growth effects.
Zinc Mobility in Wheat: Uptake and Distribution of Zinc Applied to Leaves or Roots · 2001
Opposite direction
no effect
Wheat plants with low Mn or low Zn supply showed no growth differences from controls at the three harvests.
Distribution and remobilization of Zn and Mn during grain development in wheat · 1994 · compared with controls (sufficient Zn and Mn)
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round
negative
The 300 Zn treatment decreased shoot and root growth.
Analysis of Triticum aestivum seedling response to the excess of zinc · 2015
Opposite direction

196 papers more in this group

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zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

511 papers: 456 positive, 55 negative or no effect

455 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Zinc application yielded hardly any benefit.
Landscape positions dictating crop fertilizer responses in wheat-based farming systems of East African Highlands · 2020
Opposite direction
negative
Zinc inhibited non mycorrhizal wheat root dry yield.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal strategy for zinc mycoremediation and diminished translocation to shoots and grains in wheat · 2017
Opposite direction
no effect
Foliar Zn had no significant effect on wheat grain yield.
Foliar zinc fertilization improves the zinc nutritional value of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain · 2011
Opposite direction

507 papers more in this group

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manganese atom · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 9 positive, 1 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

application · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

125 papers: 110 positive, 15 negative or no effect

109 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Foliar fungicide had no effect on grain protein, head density or kernels per head of winter wheat.
Planting Date and Foliar Fungicide Effects on Yield Components and Grain Traits of Winter Wheat · 2001
Opposite direction
no effect
Foliar Zn had no significant effect on wheat grain protein concentration.
Foliar zinc fertilization improves the zinc nutritional value of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain · 2011
Opposite direction
no effect
Foliar fungicide had no effect on wheat grain protein.
Nitrogen and Foliar Fungicide Effects on Winter Wheats · 1993
Opposite direction

121 papers more in this group

See all 125 papers →

fertilization · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

566 papers: 501 positive, 65 negative or no effect

500 papers in the same direction as this paper · 56 in the opposite direction · 9 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Adjusting fertilizer N rates for the N contribution of the previous pulse crop effectively neutralized the benefits on wheat yield and protein relative to mustard.
Pulse Crops for the Northern Great Plains · 2003 · compared with mustard
Opposite direction
no effect
Fertilizer timing did not influence protein concentration.
Influence of nitrogen application rate and timing on grain protein composition and gluten strength in Swedish wheat cultivars · 2004
Opposite direction
negative
Failure to apply N fertilizer to continuous wheat gave the lowest grain protein, about 13.5%.
FIRST 12 YEARS OF A LONG-TERM CROP ROTATION STUDY IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN — YIELDS AND QUALITY OF GRAIN · 1983
Opposite direction

562 papers more in this group

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fertilization · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

755 papers: 663 positive, 92 negative or no effect

662 papers in the same direction as this paper · 89 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Reducing fertilizer by 25% did not reduce soil nutrient availability or wheat nutrient content, height and dry weight.
Beneficial bacteria activate nutrients and promote wheat growth under conditions of reduced fertilizer application · 2020
Opposite direction
negative
Gibberellic acid reduced root dry weight of wheat, unless applied to the shoots in a lanolin paste.
The plant‐growth‐promoting properties of gibberellic acid, a metabolic product of the fungus gibberella fujikuroi · 1954
Opposite direction
no effect
fertilizer N rate had no effect on main stem development rate.
Estimation of Spring Wheat Leaf Growth Rates and Anthesis from Air Temperature¹ · 1984
Opposite direction

751 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

3,438 papers: 3,115 positive, 323 negative or no effect

3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Current high nitrogen practices do not significantly raise crop yields relative to optimum fertilization.
Reducing environmental risk by improving N management in intensive Chinese agricultural systems · 2009 · compared with knowledge-based optimum N fertilization
Opposite direction
negative
Wheat yield declined by 0.04 Mg ha −1 yr −1 with 75 and 100% N-P-K fertilizer.
Yield and Soil Nutrient Changes in a Long‐Term Rice‐Wheat Rotation in India · 2002
Opposite direction
negative
The authors concluded that N fertiliser could not compensate for the yield reduction in canola and wheat due to late sowing.
Effects of sowing time and nitrogen fertiliser on canola and wheat, and nitrogen fertiliser on Indian mustard. I. Dry matter production, grain yield, and yield components · 2001
Opposite direction

3,434 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 14

The same questions in other papers

zinc atom · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

zinc atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

manganese atom · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

application · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

fertilization · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

fertilization · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results