Paper · 2020 · International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Influence of Fungicide and Different Rhizobium Inoculants on Growth, Yield and Economics of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

Gabu Singh Gathiye; Vishal Verma

11
claims
34
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

An experiment was carried out at in Kharif season at student research field, College of Agriculture, Indore (M.P.) to study the Effect of fungicide and different Rhizobium inoculants on growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). The soil of the experimental field was medium black in texture, neutral in reaction (pH 7.70) with normal EC (0.23 dS/m) and medium organic carbon contents (0.56 %) and analysing low in available N (225 kg/ha), medium in available P (9.60 kg/ha) and high in available K (508 kg/ha) contents. A field experiment was consisted of 15 treatments replicated four times in randomized block design (RBD). As per treatment, the seed of soybean cv. JS 335 treated or not treated with fungicides and inoculated with Rhizobium culture before 15, 10, 05, 01 days of planting and on the day of sowing. Among the treatments, seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum plant height (66.75 cm) at harvest, branches per plant (4.02), fresh weight (35.83 g) per plant at 75 DAS, dry matter per plant (23.14g) at 75 DAS, leaf area index (12.87) at 60 DAS, number of pods (39.18) per plant, number of seeds (2.84) per pod while minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture). The maximum yield (2147 kg/ha) was recorded under [Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) treatment and the minimum (1509 kg/ha) was recorded in absolute control (T15) treatment. The application of Rhizobium with or without fungicides showed a synergic effect in increasing the seed yield of soybean per hectare. The maximum net return (Rs.16030/ha) as well as the benefit; cost ratio (2.72) were obtained from T10 having [Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax + Rizo-liq (ODS)] treatment as compared to absolute control (T15) treatment whereas minimum net return (Rs.9035/ha) and the benefit; cost ratio (2.03) were obtained.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced maximum plant height of 66.75 cm.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe2
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
maximume0
Value
66.75 cme0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum plant height (66.75 cm)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–993 · show in text ↑
e1

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e2

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced 4.02 branches per plant, the maximum.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e1
Outcome
branches per plante0
Direction
maximume1
Value
4.02e0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“branches per plant (4.02)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1006–1031 · show in text ↑
e1

“Among the treatments, seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 831–982 · show in text ↑
e2

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e3

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced 35.83 g fresh weight per plant at 75 DAS, the maximum.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e1
Outcome
fresh weighte0
Direction
maximume1
Value
35.83 ge0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“fresh weight (35.83 g) per plant at 75 DAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1033–1075 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–969 · show in text ↑
e2

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e3

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced 23.14g dry matter per plant at 75 DAS, the maximum.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e1
Outcome
dry matter per plante0
Direction
maximume1
Value
23.14ge0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“dry matter per plant (23.14g) at 75 DAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1077–1116 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–969 · show in text ↑
e2

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e3

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced maximum leaf area index of 12.87 at 60 DAS.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e1
Outcome
leaf area indexe0
Direction
maximume1
Value
12.87e0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“leaf area index (12.87) at 60 DAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1118–1151 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–969 · show in text ↑
e2

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e3

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced maximum 39.18 pods per plant.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e1
Outcome
number of podse0
Direction
maximume1
Value
39.18e0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of pods (39.18) per plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1153–1185 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–969 · show in text ↑
e2

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e3

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 produced maximum 2.84 seeds per pod.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe3
Treatment
seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)e1
Outcome
number of seedse0
Direction
maximume1
Value
2.84e0
Comparator
T15 absolute controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of seeds (2.84) per pod”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1187–1217 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP – inoculation with Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) recorded the maximum”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–969 · show in text ↑
e2

“minimum was recorded in T15 absolute control (No fungicide, No culture)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1295 · show in text ↑
e3

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 yield was 2147 kg/ha versus 1509 kg/ha in control.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe1
Treatment
[Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10)e0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
maximume0
Value
2147 kg/hae0
Qualifier
1509 kg/hae0
Comparator
absolute control (T15)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The maximum yield (2147 kg/ha) was recorded under [Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax+ Rizo-liq (ODS)] (T10) treatment and the minimum (1509 kg/ha) was recorded in absolute control (T15) treatment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1297–1495 · show in text ↑
e1

“soybean cv. JS 335”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 670–688 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium applications increased seed yield with or without fungicides.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
application of Rhizobium with or without fungicidese0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seed yield of soybean per hectaree0
Direction
increasinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The application of Rhizobium with or without fungicides showed a synergic effect in increasing the seed yield of soybean per hectare.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1496–1629 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 had maximum net return of Rs.16030/ha versus Rs.9035/ha in control.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe1
Treatment
[Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax + Rizo-liq (ODS)]e0
Outcome
net returne0
Direction
maximume0
Value
Rs.16030/hae0
Qualifier
Rs.9035/hae0
Comparator
absolute control (T15)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The maximum net return (Rs.16030/ha) as well as the benefit; cost ratio (2.72) were obtained from T10 having [Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax + Rizo-liq (ODS)] treatment as compared to absolute control (T15) treatment whereas minimum net return (Rs.9035/ha) and the benefit; cost ratio (2.03) were obtained.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1630–1941 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed yield of soybean per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1595–1628 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T10 had maximum benefit cost ratio of 2.72 versus 2.03 in control.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe1
Treatment
[Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax + Rizo-liq (ODS)]e0
Outcome
benefit; cost ratioe0
Direction
maximume0
Value
2.72e0
Qualifier
2.03e0
Comparator
absolute control (T15)e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The maximum net return (Rs.16030/ha) as well as the benefit; cost ratio (2.72) were obtained from T10 having [Thiram + Carbendazim 50 WP - Premax + Rizo-liq (ODS)] treatment as compared to absolute control (T15) treatment whereas minimum net return (Rs.9035/ha) and the benefit; cost ratio (2.03) were obtained.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1630–1941 · show in text ↑
e1

“seed yield of soybean per hectare”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1595–1628 · show in text ↑

Rhizobium · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

92 papers: 83 positive, 9 negative or no effect

82 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

88 papers more in this group

See all 92 papers →

carbendazim · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 5 positive, 2 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

thiram · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 8 positive, 3 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

thiram · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

15 papers: 13 positive, 2 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

11 papers more in this group

See all 15 papers →

carbendazim · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree

10 papers: 10 positive, 0 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

fungicide · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

109 papers: 77 positive, 32 negative or no effect

76 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

105 papers more in this group

See all 109 papers →

seed treatment · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

165 papers: 135 positive, 30 negative or no effect

134 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

161 papers more in this group

See all 165 papers →

seed treatment · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

168 papers: 137 positive, 31 negative or no effect

136 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

164 papers more in this group

See all 168 papers →

8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.