Abstract
Field experiment was conducted in Mohajaran region, Abu-Al-Khaseeb district, Basrah province during the growing season 2018. The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of integration of chemical fertilizer (triple superphosphate) with manure (cattle residue) and/ or biofertilizer (Aspergillus niger) on some soil properties and phosphorus availability to sunflower during growing season. Samples were collected at seedling, vegetative growth, flowering and post-harvest stage. pH, EC, moisture content and available P were determined. Results showed that application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P, but showed no effect on soil moisture content. Soil pH decreased and EC increased at seedling stage, while EC was decreased at harvest. Available P values were increased at all growing stages. Incorporation of manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1 considerably decreased the soil pH and increased EC at seedling stage, soil moisture, and available P at all growing stages.. Inoculation the seeds with A. niger showed no significant effect on soil pH, EC, and soil moisture but significantly increased available P, at vegetative growth and flowing stages . Results showed that the effect of biofertilizer on available P was in bar with the application of manure at rate of 15 Mg ha-1 .Highest value of available P was associated with combination of 120 Kg P ha-1 + 30 Mg ha-1 + inoculation with fungus.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer lowered soil pH at the seedling stage.
- Taxon
- Sunflower Plant
Helianthus annuust0 - Organ / stage
- seedling stagee1
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Soil pHe1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P”
e1“Soil pH decreased and EC increased at seedling stage”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer increased soil EC at the seedling stage.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- seedling stagee1
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- ECe1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P”
e1“Soil pH decreased and EC increased at seedling stage”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer reduced soil EC at harvest.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- harveste1
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- ECe1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P”
e1“EC was decreased at harvest”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer increased available phosphorus at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Available P valuese1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- all growing stagese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P”
e1“Available P values were increased at all growing stages”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer had no effect on soil moisture.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- soil moisture contente0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of chemical fertilizer significantly affected soil pH, EC, and available P, but showed no effect on soil moisture content”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure at 30 Mg ha-1 decreased soil pH at the seedling stage.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- seedling stagee0
- Treatment
- manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1 considerably decreased the soil pH and increased EC at seedling stage”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure at 30 Mg ha-1 increased EC at the seedling stage.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- seedling stagee0
- Treatment
- manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- ECe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1 considerably decreased the soil pH and increased EC at seedling stage”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure at 30 Mg ha-1 increased soil moisture.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1 considerably decreased the soil pH and increased EC at seedling stage, soil moisture, and available P at all growing stages”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure at 30 Mg ha-1 increased available phosphorus at all growth stages.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- available Pe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- all growing stagese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Incorporation of manure at rate of 30 Mg ha-1 considerably decreased the soil pH and increased EC at seedling stage, soil moisture, and available P at all growing stages”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspergillus niger seed inoculation significantly increased available phosphorus in vegetative growth and flowering.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Inoculation the seeds with A. nigere0
- Interactor
- A. niger
Aspergillus nigere0symbiont - Outcome
- available Pe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- vegetative growth and flowing stagese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation the seeds with A. niger showed no significant effect on soil pH, EC, and soil moisture but significantly increased available P, at vegetative growth and flowing stages”
e1“biofertilizer (Aspergillus niger)”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspergillus niger inoculation had no significant effect on soil pH, EC, or moisture.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Inoculation the seeds with A. nigere0
- Interactor
- A. nigerAspergillus nigere0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil pH, EC, and soil moisturee0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation the seeds with A. niger showed no significant effect on soil pH, EC, and soil moisture”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer had available phosphorus effects comparable to manure at 15 Mg ha-1.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- available Pe0
- Direction
- in bar withe0
- Comparator
- application of manure at rate of 15 Mg ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of biofertilizer on available P was in bar with the application of manure at rate of 15 Mg ha-1”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined phosphorus, manure, and fungal inoculation treatment yielded the highest available phosphorus.
- Taxon
- Sunflower PlantHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- combination of 120 Kg P ha-1 + 30 Mg ha-1 + inoculation with funguse0
- Outcome
- available Pe0
- Direction
- Higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest value of available P was associated with combination of 120 Kg P ha-1 + 30 Mg ha-1 + inoculation with fungus”
t0“Sunflower Plant”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.