Abstract
The inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS; EC 2.2.1.6), an enzyme located in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids, is the target site of the herbicide imazamox. One of the physiological effects triggered after ALS inhibition is the induction of aerobic ethanol fermentation. The objective of this study was to unravel if fermentation induction is related to the toxicity of the herbicide or if it is a plant defense mechanism. Pea plants were exposed to two different times of hypoxia before herbicide application in order to induce the ethanol fermentation pathway, and the physiological response after herbicide application was evaluated at the level of carbohydrates and amino acid profile. The effects of the herbicide on total soluble sugars and starch accumulation, and changes in specific amino acids (branched-chain, amide, and acidic) were attenuated if plants were subjected to hypoxia before herbicide application. These results suggest that fermentation is a plant defense mechanism that decreases the herbicidal effect.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Prior hypoxia attenuated herbicide effects on soluble sugars and starch accumulation.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Treatment
- hypoxia before herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- total soluble sugars and starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of the herbicide on total soluble sugars and starch accumulation, and changes in specific amino acids (branched-chain, amide, and acidic) were attenuated if plants were subjected to hypoxia before herbicide application.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
Prior hypoxia attenuated herbicide effects on branched-chain, amide, and acidic amino acids.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- hypoxia before herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- specific amino acids (branched-chain, amide, and acidic)e0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of the herbicide on total soluble sugars and starch accumulation, and changes in specific amino acids (branched-chain, amide, and acidic) were attenuated if plants were subjected to hypoxia before herbicide application.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that fermentation is a defense mechanism that reduces herbicidal effects.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- herbicidal effecte0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Qualifier
- fermentatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fermentation is a plant defense mechanism that decreases the herbicidal effect”
t0“Pisum sativum”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · molecular: metabolites · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
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flooding · molecular: metabolites · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
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- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.