Abstract
Comparative efficacy of granular (Carbofuran, cartap and monomehypo) and new chemistry foliar insecticides (Chlorantraniliprole, fipronil, spinosad and flubendiamide) was evaluated against C. partellus. Effect of insecticides on entomophagous arthropods (coccinellids and spiders species) was also focused in maize (cultivar: AAS-9732). Maximum mortality was observed in carbofuran and fipronil i.e. 89.3±11.13 and 80.9±7.98 adults of C. partellus per five plants due to carbofuran and fipronil respectively. Minimum loss was recorded in carbofuran and fipronil treatments viz. minimum number of dead hearts i.e. 0.1±0.12 and 0.20±0.00 were found in carbofuran and fipronil treated plots respectively. Systemic nature of these broad-spectrum insecticides (carbofuran and fipronil) has significantly enhanced their toxicity. However the problem with these insecticides was significantly higher mortality of natural enemies in these treatments. Concluding, relatively safer and targeted insecticides like spinosad should be included in integrated pest management program to allow natural enemies to flourish well. Additionally, research should be conducted to explore targeted safer insecticides.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran and fipronil gave the maximum mortality of C. partellus adults, 89.3±11.13 and 80.9±7.98 per five plants.
- Treatment
- carbofuran and fipronile2
- Interactor
- C. partellus
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=60)
Chilo partelluse2pest - Outcome
- mortalitye2
- Direction
- Maximume2
- Value
- 89.3±11.13 and 80.9±7.98 adultse2
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Zea mays L”
e2“Maximum mortality was observed in carbofuran and fipronil i.e. 89.3±11.13 and 80.9±7.98 adults of C. partellus per five plants due to carbofuran and fipronil respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran and fipronil gave the minimum number of dead hearts, 0.1±0.12 and 0.20±0.00.
- Treatment
- carbofuran and fipronile3
- Outcome
- number of dead heartse3
- Direction
- minimume3
- Value
- 0.1±0.12 and 0.20±0.00e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zea mays L”
e3“Minimum loss was recorded in carbofuran and fipronil treatments viz. minimum number of dead hearts i.e. 0.1±0.12 and 0.20±0.00 were found in carbofuran and fipronil treated plots respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The systemic nature of carbofuran and fipronil significantly enhanced their toxicity.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zea mays L”
e4“Systemic nature of these broad-spectrum insecticides (carbofuran and fipronil) has significantly enhanced their toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
The broad-spectrum insecticides (carbofuran and fipronil) caused significantly higher mortality of natural enemies.
- Treatment
- these insecticidese5
- Interactor
- natural enemiese5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortality of natural enemiese5
- Direction
- highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zea mays L”
e5“However the problem with these insecticides was significantly higher mortality of natural enemies in these treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Relatively safer and targeted insecticides such as spinosad should be included in integrated pest management programs.
- Treatment
- spinosade6
- Interactor
- natural enemiese6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- spinosad should be included in integrated pest management programe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zea mays L”
e6“Concluding, relatively safer and targeted insecticides like spinosad should be included in integrated pest management program to allow natural enemies to flourish well”
Claim · model-written summary
Research should be conducted to explore targeted safer insecticides.
- Outcome
- to explore targeted safer insecticidese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zea mays L”
e7“Additionally, research should be conducted to explore targeted safer insecticides”
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