Abstract
Chemical analyses were made for 12 elements in Valencia orange seedlings grown in solution culture with excessive quantities of copper, zinc or manganese. These strengthen previous observations in regard to the toxic effect of these metals. The relative tolerance of the plant for these metals is reflected by the concentrations of the metals in the roots and tops. Thus, copper, which is the most toxic of the three, occurs in the lowest concentrations in the plant. Manganese, the least toxic, shows the highest concentrations in the plant parts. Large excesses of all three metals lowered the absorption of the base elements. All three metals lowered the iron concentration in the tops but not in the roots. Adequate chelated iron maintained a normal supply of iron in the foliage which parallels its prevention of chlorosis. 5 references, 2 tables.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Copper was the most toxic of the three metals and occurred at lowest plant concentrations.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlings
Citrus sinensist0 - Treatment
- coppere0
- Outcome
- concentrations in the plante0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“copper, which is the most toxic of the three, occurs in the lowest concentrations in the plant”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese was least toxic and had highest plant-part concentrations.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Manganesee0
- Outcome
- concentrations in the plant partse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manganese, the least toxic, shows the highest concentrations in the plant parts.”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Large excesses of all three metals lowered base-element absorption.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Large excesses of all three metalse0
- Outcome
- absorption of the base elementse0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Large excesses of all three metals lowered the absorption of the base elements.”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper lowered iron concentration in tops but not roots.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Organ / stage
- topse0
- Treatment
- coppere1
- Outcome
- iron concentration in the topse0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All three metals lowered the iron concentration in the tops but not in the roots.”
e1“copper, zinc or manganese”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc lowered iron concentration in tops but not roots.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Organ / stage
- topse0
- Treatment
- zince1
- Outcome
- iron concentration in the topse0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All three metals lowered the iron concentration in the tops but not in the roots.”
e1“copper, zinc or manganese”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese lowered iron concentration in tops but not roots.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Organ / stage
- topse0
- Treatment
- manganesee1
- Outcome
- iron concentration in the topse0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All three metals lowered the iron concentration in the tops but not in the roots.”
e1“copper, zinc or manganese”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Adequate chelated iron maintained normal foliage iron supply.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Adequate chelated irone0
- Outcome
- supply of iron in the foliagee0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adequate chelated iron maintained a normal supply of iron in the foliage”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Adequate chelated iron prevented chlorosis.
- Taxon
- Valencia orange seedlingsCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- Adequate chelated irone1
- Outcome
- chlorosise0
- Direction
- preventione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which parallels its prevention of chlorosis”
e1“Adequate chelated iron maintained a normal supply of iron in the foliage”
t0“Valencia orange seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 6 papers →iron atom · physiology: pigments · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- positive
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See all 8 papers →zinc atom · nutrient: content · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 11 papers →copper atom · nutrient: content · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.