Abstract
ABSTRACT Information about the effect of herbicides on cowpea seed quality is scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque, before and after storage. Two experiments were conducted: experiment 1 was conducted under a randomized block design, with four replications; the treatments consisted of seven herbicides (carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, glyphosate, paraquat, flumioxazin, glufosinate-ammonium, and diquat) and a control treatment; anticipation of harvest, and seed water content, germination, and vigor were evaluated. The seeds were stored for six months in controlled environment and not-controlled environment rooms and evaluated for water content, germination, and vigor in Experiment 2, which was conducted in a 7^2+1 factorial arrangement, with four replications; the first factor consisted of the seven herbicides, the second factor was the two storage environments, plus a control treatment. The results showed 3 to 9 days of anticipation of harvest relative to the control. The glufosinate -ammonium herbicide negatively affected seed germination and vigor. The glyphosate herbicide decreased seed germination and vigor after storage. The physiological quality of cowpea seeds at the post -harvest period and after six months of storage was not affected by the carfentrazone-ethyl and flumioxazin herbicides. Paraquat and diquat were the most efficient herbicides for the anticipation of harvest (nine days). Glyphosate and glufosinate -ammonium were the most harmful herbicides to seed physiological quality. The controlled environment room was the most adequate environment for seed conservation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chemical desiccants anticipated harvest of cowpea by 3 to 9 days relative to the control.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- chemical desiccantse0
- Outcome
- anticipation of harveste1
- Direction
- anticipatione1
- Value
- 3 to 9 dayse1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“The results showed 3 to 9 days of anticipation of harvest relative to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The glufosinate-ammonium herbicide negatively affected cowpea seed germination and vigor.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- glufosinate -ammonium herbicidee2
- Outcome
- seed germination and vigore2
- Direction
- negatively affectede2
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“the treatments consisted of seven herbicides (carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, glyphosate, paraquat, flumioxazin, glufosinate-ammonium, and diquat) and a control treatment”
e2“The glufosinate -ammonium herbicide negatively affected seed germination and vigor”
Claim · model-written summary
The glyphosate herbicide decreased cowpea seed germination and vigor after storage.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- glyphosate herbicidee2
- Outcome
- seed germination and vigore2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Qualifier
- after storagee2
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“the treatments consisted of seven herbicides (carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, glyphosate, paraquat, flumioxazin, glufosinate-ammonium, and diquat) and a control treatment”
e2“The glyphosate herbicide decreased seed germination and vigor after storage”
Claim · model-written summary
The carfentrazone-ethyl and flumioxazin herbicides did not affect cowpea seed physiological quality at post-harvest and after six months of storage.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- carfentrazone-ethyl and flumioxazin herbicidese2
- Outcome
- physiological quality of cowpea seedse0
- Direction
- not affectede2
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“the treatments consisted of seven herbicides (carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, glyphosate, paraquat, flumioxazin, glufosinate-ammonium, and diquat) and a control treatment”
e2“was not affected by the carfentrazone-ethyl and flumioxazin herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat and diquat were the most efficient herbicides for anticipating cowpea harvest, by nine days.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Paraquat and diquate2
- Outcome
- anticipation of harveste2
- Direction
- most efficiente2
- Value
- nine dayse2
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“the treatments consisted of seven herbicides (carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, glyphosate, paraquat, flumioxazin, glufosinate-ammonium, and diquat) and a control treatment”
e2“Paraquat and diquat were the most efficient herbicides for the anticipation of harvest (nine days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium were the most harmful herbicides to cowpea seed physiological quality.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate and glufosinate -ammoniume2
- Outcome
- seed physiological qualitye2
- Direction
- most harmfule2
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“the treatments consisted of seven herbicides (carfentrazone-ethyl, saflufenacil, glyphosate, paraquat, flumioxazin, glufosinate-ammonium, and diquat) and a control treatment”
e2“Glyphosate and glufosinate -ammonium were the most harmful herbicides to seed physiological quality”
Claim · model-written summary
The controlled environment room was the most adequate storage environment for cowpea seed conservation.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- controlled environment roome2
- Outcome
- seed conservatione2
- Direction
- most adequatee2
- Comparator
- not-controlled environment roomse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of using chemical desiccants at pre-harvest on the anticipation of harvest and physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque”
e1“The seeds were stored for six months in controlled environment and not-controlled environment rooms”
e2“The controlled environment room was the most adequate environment for seed conservation”
The same questions in other papers
paraquat · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →flumioxazin · quality: general · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
glyphosate · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
diquat · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
glufosinate · quality: general · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
herbicide · quality: general · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
herbicide · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.