Abstract
Abstract Lodging in maize results in grain yield reduction. This experiment investigated the effects of different application rates of the growth retardant, uniconazole (UCZ), and nitrogen (N) on medium and high maize population densities on lodging resistance and yield. UCZ was applied to maize seeds at concentrations of 0 (U 0 ) and 25 (U 25 ) mg kg −1 , and three different N application rates, 0 (N 0 ), 150 (N 150 ) and 225 (N 225 ) kg ha −1 , at plant densities of 75,000 (D 1 ) and 105,000 plants ha −1 (D 2 ). UCZ application, different N rates and plant population density affected the lodging resistance and yield attributes of maize. The diameter, plumpness, cortex penetration and bending strengths of the internodes were enhanced with UCZ and N application at medium and high plant density, where maximum values were obtained with U 25 N 150 D 1 . Internode length increased in the high‐density population and higher N rate, whereas UCZ reduced internode length, where maximum internode length was obtained with U 0 N 225 D 2 . Plant height, centre of gravity height, ear and height above ear‐bearing node were higher with the high N rate, while UCZ reduced it significantly. UCZ, N rate and plant density enhanced lignin accumulation in the third internode and ear‐bearing internode, where maximum values were obtained with U 25 N 150 D 1 . Yield and yield attributes were also improved by UCZ, N rate and population density. Treatment with U 25 N 150 D 2 significantly improved grain yield of maize compared with the other treatments.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole and nitrogen enhanced internode diameter, plumpness, cortex penetration and bending strengths, maximized by U 25 N 150 D 1.
- Treatment
- UCZ and N applicatione0
- Outcome
- diameter, plumpness, cortex penetration and bending strengths of the internodese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- U 25 N 150 D 1e0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The diameter, plumpness, cortex penetration and bending strengths of the internodes were enhanced with UCZ and N application at medium and high plant density, where maximum values were obtained with U 25 N 150 D 1 .”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
High density and higher nitrogen increased internode length, maximized by U 0 N 225 D 2.
- Treatment
- high‐density population and higher N ratee0
- Outcome
- Internode lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- U 0 N 225 D 2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Internode length increased in the high‐density population and higher N rate, whereas UCZ reduced internode length, where maximum internode length was obtained with U 0 N 225 D 2 .”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole reduced internode length.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UCZ reduced internode length”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen increased plant height, center of gravity height and ear height.
- Treatment
- high N ratee0
- Outcome
- Plant height, centre of gravity height, ear and height above ear‐bearing nodee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, centre of gravity height, ear and height above ear‐bearing node were higher with the high N rate”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole significantly reduced plant height and related height traits.
- Treatment
- UCZe0
- Outcome
- Plant height, centre of gravity height, ear and height above ear‐bearing nodee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, centre of gravity height, ear and height above ear‐bearing node were higher with the high N rate, while UCZ reduced it significantly.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole, nitrogen and density enhanced lignin accumulation in the third and ear-bearing internodes, maximized by U 25 N 150 D 1.
- Organ / stage
- third internode and ear‐bearing internodee0
- Treatment
- UCZ, N rate and plant densitye0
- Outcome
- lignin accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“UCZ, N rate and plant density enhanced lignin accumulation in the third internode and ear‐bearing internode, where maximum values were obtained with U 25 N 150 D 1 .”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole, nitrogen rate and density improved maize yield and yield attributes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield and yield attributes were also improved by UCZ, N rate and population density.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
U 25 N 150 D 2 significantly improved grain yield compared with other treatments.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with U 25 N 150 D 2 significantly improved grain yield of maize compared with the other treatments.”
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