Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research Institute Mingora, Swat, Pakistan. The experiment was designed in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having three replications. The experiment consisted of two factors. i.e Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 ) and compost manure (0, 500, 1000 kg ha -1 ) that were applied as a single dose. The mean data showed that compost manure and Trichoderma significantly affected all growth parameters. Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 ), but the parameters; plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf length and leaf width were statistically similar to the plots treated with compost @ 500 kg ha -1 . Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 ) . Plant height, number of leaves and bulb neck height were statistically similar to the plots which were treated with 20 kg ha -1 Trichoderma. Whereas the lowest plant height (61.37 cm), number of leaves per plant (9.88), leaf length (37.21cm), leaf width (0.86 cm),bulb diameter (5.9 cm), bulb weight (77.14 g) and yield (27.22 tones ha -1 ) were recorded in untreated plots. It is concluded from the results that compost manure is a best soil amendment should be used @ 1000 kg ha -1 and Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 for better growth and maximum onion production.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum plant height (63.46 cm).
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 63.46 cme1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum number of leaves per plant (11.88).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- number of leaves plant -1e1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 11.88e1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum leaf length (39.62 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- leaf lengthe1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 39.62 cme1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum leaf width (1.05 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- leaf widthe1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 1.05 cme1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum bulb diameter (6.88 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- bulb diametere1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 6.88 cme1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum bulb neck height (5.6 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- bulb neck heighte1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 5.6 cme1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 1000 kg/ha compost manure had the maximum yield (32.88 tones/ha).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 32.88 tones ha -1e1
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure had maximum plant height (63.46 cm), number of leaves plant -1 (11.88), leaf length (39.62 cm), leaf width (1.05 cm), bulb diameter (6.88 cm), bulb neck height (5.6 cm) and yield (32.88 tones ha -1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height and number of leaves per plant under 1000 kg/ha compost manure were statistically similar to those under 500 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves plant -1e3
- Direction
- statistically similare3
- Comparator
- compost @ 500 kg ha -1e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure”
e3“the parameters; plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf length and leaf width were statistically similar to the plots treated with compost @ 500 kg ha -1”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf length and leaf width under 1000 kg/ha compost manure were statistically similar to those under 500 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- 1000 kg ha -1 compost manuree1
- Outcome
- leaf length and leaf widthe3
- Direction
- statistically similare3
- Comparator
- compost @ 500 kg ha -1e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants treated with 1000 kg ha -1 compost manure”
e3“the parameters; plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf length and leaf width were statistically similar to the plots treated with compost @ 500 kg ha -1”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 40 kg/ha Trichoderma had the maximum leaf length (39.56 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1e4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume6symbiont - Outcome
- leaf lengthe4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 39.56 cme4
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
e6“Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 )”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 40 kg/ha Trichoderma had the maximum leaf width (1.09 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1e4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianumTrichoderma harzianume6symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf widthe4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 1.09 cme4
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
e6“Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 )”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 40 kg/ha Trichoderma had the maximum bulb weight (87.39 g).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1e4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianumTrichoderma harzianume6symbiont
- Outcome
- bulb weighte4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 87.39 ge4
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
e6“Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 )”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 40 kg/ha Trichoderma had the maximum bulb diameter (7.06 cm).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1e4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianumTrichoderma harzianume6symbiont
- Outcome
- bulb diametere4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 7.06 cme4
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
e6“Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 )”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants treated with 40 kg/ha Trichoderma had the maximum yield (34.44 tones/ha).
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1e4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianumTrichoderma harzianume6symbiont
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- maximume4
- Value
- 34.44 tones ha - 1e4
- Comparator
- untreated plotse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 )”
e2“were recorded in untreated plots”
e6“Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 )”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height, number of leaves and bulb neck height under 40 kg/ha Trichoderma were statistically similar to those under 20 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1e4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianumTrichoderma harzianume6symbiont
- Outcome
- Plant height, number of leaves and bulb neck heighte7
- Direction
- statistically similare7
- Comparator
- 20 kg ha -1 Trichodermae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 showed maximum leaf length (39.56 cm), leaf width (1.09 cm), bulb weight (87.39 g), bulb diameter (7.06 cm) and yield (34.44 tones ha - 1 )”
e7“Plant height, number of leaves and bulb neck height were statistically similar to the plots which were treated with 20 kg ha -1 Trichoderma”
e6“Trichoderma harzianum (0, 20 and 40 kg ha -1 )”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost manure and Trichoderma significantly affected all onion growth parameters.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- compost manure and Trichodermae7
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae7symbiont
- Outcome
- all growth parameterse7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The mean data showed that compost manure and Trichoderma significantly affected all growth parameters”
t0“growth and yield of onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost manure at 1000 kg/ha and Trichoderma at 40 kg/ha are recommended for better onion growth and maximum production.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae7
- Treatment
- compost manuree7
- Outcome
- better growth and maximum onion productione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“compost manure is a best soil amendment should be used @ 1000 kg ha -1 and Trichoderma @ 40 kg ha -1 for better growth and maximum onion production”
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