Abstract
Key message By using pharmacological and molecu- lar approaches, we discovered the involvement of HO-1 in NaHS-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings. Abstract Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) regulate various responses to abiotic stress and root development, but their involvement in the simultaneous regulation of plant lateral root (LR) formation is poorly understood. In this report, we observed that the exoge- nously applied H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and the HO-1 inducer hemin induce LR formation in tomato seedlings by triggering intracellular signaling events involving the induction of tomato HO-1 (SlHO-1), and the modulation of cell cycle regulatory genes, including the up-regulation of SlCDKA;1 and SlCYCA2;1, and simulta- neous down-regulation of SlKRP2. The response of NaHS in the induction of LR formation was impaired by the potent inhibition of HO-1, which was further blocked when 50 % saturation of carbon monoxide (CO) aqueous solu- tion, one of the catalytic by-products of HO-1, was added. Further molecular evidence revealed that the NaHS-mod- ulated gene expression of cell cycle regulatory genes was sensitive to the inhibition of HO-1 and reversed by co- treatment with CO. The impairment of LR density and length as well as lateral root primordia number, the decreased tomato HO-1 gene expression and HO activity caused by an H2S scavenger hypotaurine were partially rescued by the addition of NaHS, hemin and CO (in par- ticular). Together, these results revealed that at least in our experimental conditions, HO-1 might be involved in NaHS-induced tomato LR formation. Additionally, the use of NaHS and hemin compounds in crop root organogenesis should be explored.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS)e0
- Outcome
- LR formatione0
- Direction
- inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and the HO-1 inducer hemin induce LR formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemin induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- hemine0
- Outcome
- LR formatione0
- Direction
- inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the HO-1 inducer hemin induce LR formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS and hemin induced SlHO-1 and altered cell cycle gene expression during lateral root formation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- SlHO-1e0
- Outcome
- induction of tomato HO-1 (SlHO-1)e0
- Qualifier
- intracellular signaling eventse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by triggering intracellular signaling events involving the induction of tomato HO-1 (SlHO-1), and the modulation of cell cycle regulatory genes, including the up-regulation of SlCDKA;1 and SlCYCA2;1, and simulta- neous down-regulation of SlKRP2”
Claim · model-written summary
SlCDKA;1 was upregulated.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlCDKA;1e0
- Outcome
- up-regulation of SlCDKA;1e0
- Direction
- up-regulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“up-regulation of SlCDKA;1 and SlCYCA2;1”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
SlCYCA2;1 was upregulated.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlCYCA2;1e0
- Outcome
- up-regulation of SlCDKA;1 and SlCYCA2;1e0
- Direction
- up-regulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“up-regulation of SlCDKA;1 and SlCYCA2;1”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
SlKRP2 was downregulated.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlKRP2e0
- Outcome
- down-regulation of SlKRP2e0
- Direction
- down-regulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“down-regulation of SlKRP2”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of HO-1 impaired NaHS-induced lateral root formation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- inhibition of HO-1e0
- Outcome
- LR formatione0
- Direction
- impairede0
- Comparator
- NaHSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The response of NaHS in the induction of LR formation was impaired by the potent inhibition of HO-1”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding CO further blocked the NaHS lateral root response.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 50 % saturation of carbon monoxide (CO) aqueous solu- tione0
- Outcome
- response of NaHSe1
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was further blocked when 50 % saturation of carbon monoxide (CO) aqueous solu- tion, one of the catalytic by-products of HO-1, was added”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
e1“The response of NaHS in the induction of LR formation was impaired by the potent inhibition of HO-1”
Claim · model-written summary
HO-1 inhibition affected NaHS-modulated cell cycle gene expression, and CO reversed it.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- inhibition of HO-1e0
- Outcome
- gene expression of cell cycle regulatory genese0
- Direction
- sensitivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the NaHS-mod- ulated gene expression of cell cycle regulatory genes was sensitive to the inhibition of HO-1 and reversed by co- treatment with CO”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypotaurine impaired lateral root density and length and primordia number, and reduced HO-1 expression and activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- hypotaurinee0
- Outcome
- LR density and length as well as lateral root primordia numbere0
- Direction
- impairmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impairment of LR density and length as well as lateral root primordia number, the decreased tomato HO-1 gene expression and HO activity caused by an H2S scavenger hypotaurine”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS partially rescued hypotaurine-associated impairment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Outcome
- LR density and lengtht1
- Direction
- partially rescuede0
- Comparator
- hypotaurinet1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were partially rescued by the addition of NaHS, hemin and CO (in par- ticular)”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
t1“The impairment of LR density and length as well as lateral root primordia number, the decreased tomato HO-1 gene expression and HO activity caused by an H2S scavenger hypotaurine”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemin partially rescued hypotaurine-associated impairment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- hemine0
- Outcome
- LR density and lengtht1
- Direction
- partially rescuede0
- Comparator
- hypotaurinet1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were partially rescued by the addition of NaHS, hemin and CO (in par- ticular)”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
t1“The impairment of LR density and length as well as lateral root primordia number, the decreased tomato HO-1 gene expression and HO activity caused by an H2S scavenger hypotaurine”
Claim · model-written summary
CO particularly rescued hypotaurine-associated impairment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- COe0
- Outcome
- LR density and lengtht1
- Direction
- partially rescuede0
- Comparator
- hypotaurinet1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were partially rescued by the addition of NaHS, hemin and CO (in par- ticular)”
t0“Heme oxygenase-1 is involved in sodium hydrosulfide-induced lateral root formation in tomato seedlings”
t1“The impairment of LR density and length as well as lateral root primordia number, the decreased tomato HO-1 gene expression and HO activity caused by an H2S scavenger hypotaurine”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest HO-1 may participate in NaHS-induced tomato lateral root formation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- HO-1e0
- Outcome
- LR formatione0
- Qualifier
- might be involvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HO-1 might be involved in NaHS-induced tomato LR formation”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend exploring NaHS and hemin for crop root organogenesis.
Verbatim
e0“the use of NaHS and hemin compounds in crop root organogenesis should be explored”
The same questions in other papers
carbon monoxide · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
sodium atom · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
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See all 11 papers →hypotaurine · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
carbon monoxide · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
hydrogen sulfide · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
donor · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
hydrosulfide · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.