Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the College of Physical Education & Sport Science-University of Baghdad /Jaderiea fields at 2015-2016 season, to study the effect of planting Broad bean and onion either in monoculture or intercropped (bicultural ) interacted with three levels of nitrogen (0,40,and 80 kg N ha-1) on growth and productivity of both crops ,amount of N taken up and on nitrogen budget in a split plot experiment within RCBD in three replicates . Nitrogen application especially 2nd level (80 kg N ha-1) significantly increased growth and yield of Broad bean . Yield of fresh pods increased from 1.36 kg plant-1 at control to 1.74 kg plant-1 with N2. Nitrogen application at 80 kg N ha-1 increased the uptake (content) of nitrogen by 245.11% compared to control. Nitrogen application especially 2nd level (80 kg N ha-1) significantly increased growth and yield of Onion. Fresh weight of onion bulbs increased from 27.3 to 37.2 and dry weight from 17.8 to 22.8 g plant-1 due to the application of the 2nd level of nitrogen. Nitrogen application at 80 kg N ha-1 increased the uptake (content) of nitrogen in onion. Planting Broad bean in monoculture gave better results than bicultural with Onion. However, yield of Broad bean was reasonable in both cultures due to the ability of Broad bean crop for competition with Onion. Monoculture of Onion gave better results than bicultural. In spite of the low production of Onion in bicultural but two crops can be gained at the same field. Results of nitrogen budget revealed that the budget was surplus with Broad bean as a result of N fixation and in shortage with Onion.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 80 kg N ha-1 significantly increased broad bean growth and yield.
- Taxon
- Broad bean
Vicia fabae0 - Treatment
- 80 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application especially 2nd level (80 kg N ha-1) significantly increased growth and yield of Broad bean .”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh pod yield rose from 1.36 to 1.74 kg plant-1 with N2.
- Taxon
- Broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- N2e0
- Outcome
- Yield of fresh podse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.74 kg plant-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1.36 kg plant-1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield of fresh pods increased from 1.36 kg plant-1 at control to 1.74 kg plant-1 with N2.”
t0“BROAD BEAN AND ONOION”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 80 kg N ha-1 increased broad bean nitrogen uptake by 245.11% versus control.
- Taxon
- Broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- 80 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- uptake (content) of nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 245.11%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application at 80 kg N ha-1 increased the uptake (content) of nitrogen by 245.11% compared to control.”
t0“BROAD BEAN AND ONOION”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 80 kg N ha-1 significantly increased onion growth and yield.
- Taxon
- Onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- 80 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- growth and yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application especially 2nd level (80 kg N ha-1) significantly increased growth and yield of Onion.”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion bulb fresh weight rose from 27.3 to 37.2 under the second nitrogen level.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- 2nd level of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- Fresh weight of onion bulbse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 37.2e0
- Qualifier
- 27.3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh weight of onion bulbs increased from 27.3 to 37.2 and dry weight from 17.8 to 22.8 g plant-1 due to the application of the 2nd level of nitrogen.”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion bulb dry weight rose from 17.8 to 22.8 g plant-1 under the second nitrogen level.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- 2nd level of nitrogene0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22.8 g plant-1e0
- Qualifier
- 17.8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh weight of onion bulbs increased from 27.3 to 37.2 and dry weight from 17.8 to 22.8 g plant-1 due to the application of the 2nd level of nitrogen.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen at 80 kg N ha-1 increased onion nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- 80 kg N ha-1e0
- Outcome
- uptake (content) of nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application at 80 kg N ha-1 increased the uptake (content) of nitrogen in onion.”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting Broad bean in monoculture gave better results than bicultural with Onion.
- Taxon
- Broad beanVicia fabae0
- Treatment
- monoculturee0
- Outcome
- better resultse0
- Direction
- better resultse0
- Comparator
- bicultural with Onione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting Broad bean in monoculture gave better results than bicultural with Onion.”
Claim · model-written summary
Monoculture of Onion gave better results than bicultural.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- monoculturee0
- Outcome
- better resultse0
- Direction
- better resultse0
- Comparator
- biculturale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Monoculture of Onion gave better results than bicultural.”
Claim · model-written summary
Broad bean yield remained reasonable in both culture systems.
- Taxon
- Broad beanVicia fabae0
- Outcome
- yield of Broad bean was reasonablee0
- Qualifier
- both culturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, yield of Broad bean was reasonable in both cultures due to the ability of Broad bean crop for competition with Onion.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicultural onion production was low.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- low production of Onione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In spite of the low production of Onion in bicultural but two crops can be gained at the same field.”
Claim · model-written summary
The bicultural system produced both crops in one field.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- two crops can be gained at the same fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In spite of the low production of Onion in bicultural but two crops can be gained at the same field.”
Claim · model-written summary
The nitrogen budget was in surplus with broad bean due to nitrogen fixation.
- Taxon
- Broad beanVicia fabae0
- Outcome
- budget was surpluse0
- Qualifier
- as a result of N fixatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results of nitrogen budget revealed that the budget was surplus with Broad bean as a result of N fixation and in shortage with Onion.”
Claim · model-written summary
The nitrogen budget was in shortage with onion.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepae0
- Outcome
- in shortage with Onione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results of nitrogen budget revealed that the budget was surplus with Broad bean as a result of N fixation and in shortage with Onion.”
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