Abstract
Plant architecture is controlled by several endogenous signals including hormones and sugars. However, only little information is known about the nature and roles of the sugar signalling pathways in this process. Here we test whether the sugar signalling pathway mediated by HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1) is involved in the control of shoot branching. To test the involvement of HXK1 in shoot branching and in the hormonal network controlling this process, we modulated the HXK1 pathway using physiological and genetic approaches in rose, pea and arabidopsis. Mannose-induced HXK signalling triggered bud outgrowth in rose and pea. In arabidopsis, both HXK1 deficiency and defoliation led to decreased shoot branching and conferred hypersensitivity to auxin. Complementation of the HXK1 knockout mutant gin2 with a catalytically inactive HXK1, restored shoot branching to the wild-type level. HXK1-deficient plants displayed decreased cytokinin levels and increased expression of MAX2, which is required for strigolactone signalling. The branching phenotype of HXK1-deficient plants could be partly restored by cytokinin treatment and strigolactone deficiency could override the negative impact of HXK1 deficiency on shoot branching. Our observations demonstrate that HXK1 signalling contributes to the regulation of shoot branching and interacts with hormones to modulate plant architecture.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Mannose-induced HXK signalling triggered bud outgrowth in rose.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Mannose-induced HXK signalling triggered bud outgrowth in rose and pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Mannose-induced HXK signalling triggered bud outgrowth in pea.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- Mannose-induced HXK signallinge0
- Outcome
- bud outgrowthe0
- Direction
- triggerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mannose-induced HXK signalling triggered bud outgrowth in rose and pea”
Claim · model-written summary
HXK1 deficiency decreased shoot branching in arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- HXK1 deficiencye0
- Gene
- HXK1e0
- Outcome
- shoot branchinge0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In arabidopsis, both HXK1 deficiency and defoliation led to decreased shoot branching and conferred hypersensitivity to auxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation decreased shoot branching in arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- arabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- defoliatione0
- Outcome
- shoot branchinge0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In arabidopsis, both HXK1 deficiency and defoliation led to decreased shoot branching and conferred hypersensitivity to auxin”
Claim · model-written summary
HXK1 deficiency and defoliation conferred auxin hypersensitivity in arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- arabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- HXK1e0
- Outcome
- hypersensitivity to auxine0
- Direction
- conferrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In arabidopsis, both HXK1 deficiency and defoliation led to decreased shoot branching and conferred hypersensitivity to auxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalytically inactive HXK1 restored shoot branching in gin2 to the wild-type level.
- Taxon
- arabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- gin2e0
- Treatment
- catalytically inactive HXK1e0
- Gene
- HXK1e0
- Outcome
- shoot branchinge0
- Direction
- restorede0
- Comparator
- wild-type levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Complementation of the HXK1 knockout mutant gin2 with a catalytically inactive HXK1, restored shoot branching to the wild-type level”
e1“In arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
HXK1-deficient plants had decreased cytokinin levels.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Gene
- HXK1e0
- Outcome
- cytokinin levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Verbatim
e0“HXK1-deficient plants displayed decreased cytokinin levels and increased expression of MAX2”
Claim · model-written summary
HXK1-deficient plants had increased MAX2 expression.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Gene
- MAX2e0
- Outcome
- expression of MAX2e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Verbatim
e0“HXK1-deficient plants displayed decreased cytokinin levels and increased expression of MAX2”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytokinin treatment partly restored branching in HXK1-deficient plants.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- cytokinin treatmente0
- Gene
- HXK1e0
- Outcome
- branching phenotypee0
- Direction
- partly restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The branching phenotype of HXK1-deficient plants could be partly restored by cytokinin treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone deficiency overcame the negative branching effect of HXK1 deficiency.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee1
- Treatment
- strigolactone deficiencye0
- Gene
- HXK1e0
- Outcome
- shoot branchinge0
- Direction
- overridee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“strigolactone deficiency could override the negative impact of HXK1 deficiency on shoot branching”
e1“The branching phenotype of HXK1-deficient plants”
The same questions in other papers
class · growth · Viridiplantae (plants)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →pruning · growth · ArabidopsisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.