Abstract
KEY MESSAGE: Hybrid saplings were more reactive to soil water deficit than Japanese and European larch. European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior, Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy. ABSTRACT: ) and their hybrid (HL). Across species, biomass, transpiration rate and relative water content were higher in controls than in drought stressed trees, but transpiration efficiency was lower. JL had the highest transpiration efficiency under drought, and EL the lowest, coinciding with slower growth of EL. Wood of EL formed before drought was hydraulically safer as shown by higher wall/lumen ratio and lower pit cavity area. EL neither had a significant increase in transpiration efficiency nor a reduction in transpiration rate under drought, suggesting that the stomata remained open under soil water deficit. HL saplings were the most reactive to water shortage, indicated by intra-annual density fluctuations and a decrease in relative water content of the sapwood. Significant reduction in transpiration by HL suggested a higher stomatal sensitivity, while the same leaf surface area was maintained and radial growth was still similar to its best parent, the JL. The latter showed a significantly lower leaf surface area under drought than controls. EL, with its hydraulically safer wood, followed an anisohydric behavior, while JL and HL revealed an isohydric strategy. Altogether, our results suggest species dependent acclimations to drought stress, whereby HL followed the strategy of JL rather than that of EL. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00468-021-02129-4.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Across larch species, controls had higher biomass, transpiration and relative water content than drought-stressed trees.
Verbatim
e0“Across species, biomass, transpiration rate and relative water content were higher in controls than in drought stressed trees, but transpiration efficiency was lower.”
t0“larch species”
Claim · model-written summary
Controls had lower transpiration efficiency than drought-stressed larch trees.
Verbatim
e0“Across species, biomass, transpiration rate and relative water content were higher in controls than in drought stressed trees, but transpiration efficiency was lower.”
t0“larch species”
Claim · model-written summary
Japanese larch had the highest drought transpiration efficiency.
Verbatim
e0“JL had the highest transpiration efficiency under drought, and EL the lowest, coinciding with slower growth of EL.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior, Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch had the lowest drought transpiration efficiency, coinciding with slower growth.
Verbatim
e0“JL had the highest transpiration efficiency under drought, and EL the lowest, coinciding with slower growth of EL.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch predrought wood had higher wall/lumen ratio.
Verbatim
e0“Wood of EL formed before drought was hydraulically safer as shown by higher wall/lumen ratio and lower pit cavity area.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch predrought wood had lower pit cavity area.
Verbatim
e0“Wood of EL formed before drought was hydraulically safer as shown by higher wall/lumen ratio and lower pit cavity area.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch showed no significant drought increase in transpiration efficiency.
- Taxon
- European larche1
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- transpiration efficiencye0
- Direction
- neither had a significant increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“EL neither had a significant increase in transpiration efficiency nor a reduction in transpiration rate under drought, suggesting that the stomata remained open under soil water deficit.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch showed no drought reduction in transpiration rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“EL neither had a significant increase in transpiration efficiency nor a reduction in transpiration rate under drought, suggesting that the stomata remained open under soil water deficit.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch stomata were interpreted as remaining open under soil water deficit.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting that the stomata remained open under soil water deficit.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch was most reactive to water shortage, with intra-annual density fluctuations.
Verbatim
e0“HL saplings were the most reactive to water shortage, indicated by intra-annual density fluctuations and a decrease in relative water content of the sapwood.”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch sapwood relative water content decreased with water shortage.
- Taxon
- hybrid larche1
- Treatment
- water shortagee0
- Outcome
- relative water content of the sapwoode0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“HL saplings were the most reactive to water shortage, indicated by intra-annual density fluctuations and a decrease in relative water content of the sapwood.”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch significantly reduced transpiration.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Significant reduction in transpiration by HL suggested a higher stomatal sensitivity, while the same leaf surface area was maintained and radial growth was still similar to its best parent, the JL.”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
e2“HL saplings were the most reactive to water shortage”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch transpiration reduction suggested higher stomatal sensitivity.
Verbatim
e0“Significant reduction in transpiration by HL suggested a higher stomatal sensitivity”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch maintained the same leaf surface area.
Verbatim
e0“Significant reduction in transpiration by HL suggested a higher stomatal sensitivity, while the same leaf surface area was maintained and radial growth was still similar to its best parent, the JL.”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch radial growth remained similar to Japanese larch.
Verbatim
e0“radial growth was still similar to its best parent, the JL.”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Japanese larch had significantly lower leaf surface area under drought than controls.
Verbatim
e0“The latter showed a significantly lower leaf surface area under drought than controls.”
e1“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
European larch followed an anisohydric strategy with hydraulically safer wood.
Verbatim
e0“EL, with its hydraulically safer wood, followed an anisohydric behavior, while JL and HL revealed an isohydric strategy.”
e1“European larch had hydraulically safer wood and anisohydric behavior”
Claim · model-written summary
Japanese larch showed an isohydric strategy.
Verbatim
e0“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hybrid larch followed the Japanese larch isohydric strategy rather than the European strategy.
Verbatim
e0“Japanese and hybrid larch showed isohydric strategy.”
e1“Altogether, our results suggest species dependent acclimations to drought stress, whereby HL followed the strategy of JL rather than that of EL.”