Abstract
Changes in the level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a good indicator to monitor fluctuations in cellular metabolism and in the stress responses. In this study, the changes in H2O2 content during bud endodormancy (ED) and budbreak were analysed in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). The results showed a gradual increase in the H2O2 content during the development of bud ED, which was mainly due to an increase in the activity of peroxidases (PODs). The maximum H2O2 content reached in the grapevine buds coincided with the maximum depth of bud ED. In contrast, during budbreak, the H2O2 content decreased. As the plant hormones cytokinin (CK) and auxin play an important role in budbreak and growth resumption in grapevine, the effect of exogenous applications of H2O2 on the expression of genes involved in CK and auxin metabolism was analysed. The results showed that H2O2 represses the expression of the CK biosynthesis genes VvIPT3a and VvLOG1 and induces the expression of the CK-inactivating gene VvCKX3, thus reducing potentially the CK content in the grapevine bud. On the other hand, H2O2 induced the expression of the auxin biosynthesis genes VvAMI1 and VvYUC3 and of the auxin transporter gene VvPIN3, thus increasing potentially the auxin content and auxin transport in grapevine buds. In general, the results suggest that H2O2 in grapevine buds is associated with the depth of ED and negatively regulates its budbreak.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Bud hydrogen peroxide content gradually increased during endodormancy development.
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gradual increase in the H2O2 content during the development of bud ED”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The rise in bud hydrogen peroxide was mainly attributed to increased peroxidase activity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was mainly due to an increase in the activity of peroxidases (PODs)”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum bud hydrogen peroxide content coincided with maximum endodormancy depth.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum H2O2 content reached in the grapevine buds coincided with the maximum depth of bud ED”
Claim · model-written summary
Bud hydrogen peroxide content decreased during budbreak.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“during budbreak, the H2O2 content decreased”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous hydrogen peroxide repressed VvIPT3a and VvLOG1 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H2O2 represses the expression of the CK biosynthesis genes VvIPT3a and VvLOG1”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous hydrogen peroxide induced VvCKX3 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H2O2 represses the expression of the CK biosynthesis genes VvIPT3a and VvLOG1 and induces the expression of the CK-inactivating gene VvCKX3”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide potentially reduces cytokinin content in grapevine buds.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thus reducing potentially the CK content in the grapevine bud”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide induced VvAMI1 and VvYUC3 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H2O2 induced the expression of the auxin biosynthesis genes VvAMI1 and VvYUC3”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide induced VvPIN3 expression.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and of the auxin transporter gene VvPIN3”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e1“H2O2 induced the expression of the auxin biosynthesis genes VvAMI1 and VvYUC3”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide potentially increases auxin content and transport in grapevine buds.
- Compound
- auxine0
- Outcome
- auxin content and auxin transporte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Qualifier
- potentiallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thus increasing potentially the auxin content and auxin transport in grapevine buds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest bud hydrogen peroxide is associated with endodormancy depth.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H2O2 in grapevine buds is associated with the depth of ED”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest hydrogen peroxide negatively regulates grapevine budbreak.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“negatively regulates its budbreak”
t0“Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”