Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the grape berries are deliberated as a non-climacteric fruit, ethylene seems to be involved in grape berry ripening. However, the precise role of ethylene in regulating the ripening of non-climacteric fruits is poorly understood. RESULTS: Exogenous ethephon (ETH) can stimulate the concentration of internal ethylene and accelerate the accumulation of anthocyanins in berries of 'Fujiminori', including malvidin-, delphinidin-, and petunidin-derivatives (3',4',5'-trihydroxylated anthocyanins) and cyanidin-derivatives (3',4'-dihydroxylated anthocyanins). The content of 3',4',5'-trihydroxylated anthocyanins was extremely higher than 3',4'-dihydroxylated anthocyanins, and ethylene did not affect the composition of anthocyanins in grape. Furthermore, we observed the expression of anthocyanin structural and regulatory genes as well as ethylene biosynthesis and response genes in response to ETH treatment. The anthocyanins accumulation is significantly associated with increased expression of anthocyanin structural (VvPAL, Vv4CH, VvCHS, VvCHI, VvF3H, and VvUFGT) and regulatory genes (VvMYBA1, VvMYBA2, and VvMYBA3), which persisted over the 12 days. In addition, exogenous ETH affected the endogenous ethylene biosynthesis (VvACO2 and VvACO4) and the downstream ethylene regulatory network (VvERS1, VvETR2, VvCTR1, and VvERF005). CONCLUSIONS: These findings bring new insights into the physiological and molecular function of ethylene during berry development and ripening in grapes. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon stimulated internal ethylene concentration in Fujiminori berries.
- Taxon
- ‘Fujiminori’ grapet0
- Material
- 'Fujiminori'e0
- Treatment
- Exogenous ethephon (ETH)e0
- Outcome
- concentration of internal ethylenee0
- Direction
- stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“‘Fujiminori’ grape”
e0“Exogenous ethephon (ETH) can stimulate the concentration of internal ethylene and accelerate the accumulation of anthocyanins in berries of 'Fujiminori'”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon accelerated anthocyanin accumulation in Fujiminori berries.
- Taxon
- ‘Fujiminori’ grapet0
- Organ / stage
- berriese0
- Treatment
- Exogenous ethephon (ETH)e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- acceleratee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“‘Fujiminori’ grape”
e0“Exogenous ethephon (ETH) can stimulate the concentration of internal ethylene and accelerate the accumulation of anthocyanins in berries of 'Fujiminori', including malvidin-, delphinidin-, and petunidin-derivatives (3',4',5'-trihydroxylated anthocyanins) and cyanidin-derivatives (3',4'-dihydroxylated anthocyanins)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trihydroxylated anthocyanins were much more abundant than dihydroxylated anthocyanins.
Verbatim
t0“grape”
e0“The content of 3',4',5'-trihydroxylated anthocyanins was extremely higher than 3',4'-dihydroxylated anthocyanins”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene did not affect grape anthocyanin composition.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“ethylene did not affect the composition of anthocyanins in grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin accumulation was significantly associated with increased expression of structural genes VvPAL, Vv4CH and VvCHS over 12 days.
Verbatim
t0“grape”
e0“The anthocyanins accumulation is significantly associated with increased expression of anthocyanin structural (VvPAL, Vv4CH, VvCHS, VvCHI, VvF3H, and VvUFGT) and regulatory genes (VvMYBA1, VvMYBA2, and VvMYBA3), which persisted over the 12 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin accumulation was significantly associated with increased expression of structural genes VvCHI, VvF3H and VvUFGT.
Verbatim
t0“grape”
e0“The anthocyanins accumulation is significantly associated with increased expression of anthocyanin structural (VvPAL, Vv4CH, VvCHS, VvCHI, VvF3H, and VvUFGT)”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin accumulation was significantly associated with increased expression of regulatory genes VvMYBA1, VvMYBA2 and VvMYBA3.
Verbatim
t0“grape”
e0“The anthocyanins accumulation is significantly associated with increased expression of anthocyanin structural (VvPAL, Vv4CH, VvCHS, VvCHI, VvF3H, and VvUFGT) and regulatory genes (VvMYBA1, VvMYBA2, and VvMYBA3), which persisted over the 12 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon affected expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes VvACO2 and VvACO4.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- exogenous ETHe0
- Gene
- VvACO2 and VvACO4e0
- Outcome
- endogenous ethylene biosynthesise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“grape”
e0“exogenous ETH affected the endogenous ethylene biosynthesis (VvACO2 and VvACO4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon affected downstream ethylene regulatory genes VvERS1, VvETR2, VvCTR1 and VvERF005.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- exogenous ETHe0
- Gene
- VvERS1, VvETR2, VvCTR1, and VvERF005e0
- Outcome
- downstream ethylene regulatory networke0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
t0“grape”
e0“exogenous ETH affected the endogenous ethylene biosynthesis (VvACO2 and VvACO4) and the downstream ethylene regulatory network (VvERS1, VvETR2, VvCTR1, and VvERF005)”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · quality: phytochemicals · VitisPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.