Abstract
Improving drought stress tolerance in maize is essential to increase its production and yield worldwide. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the improvement of drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) by exogenous application of proline (25 and 50mM) on two maize varieties. Maize plants were subjected to drought stress at various phases of plant growth under pot culture conditions and proline was applied as foliar spray. Water deficit stress caused a significant decrease (by approximately 25%) in growth and yield of both maize varieties by decreasing plant height, cob length, dry root weight, grains per cob and 100-grain weight. Water deficit stress also decreased chlorophyll and intercellular proline contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities viz. catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Exogenous application of proline (50 mM) was found to be more effective in increasing growth and yield of both varieties. These increases were positively associated with increased levels (by at least 15%) of chlorophyll and intracellular proline, and enhanced activities of CAT, POX and APX enzymes in both varieties. Interaction effects of exogenous proline and water deficit stress were significant in aspects of higher growth and yields and enhanced levels of chlorophyll, intracellular proline and antioxidant enzyme activities. Therefore, it is concluded that foliar application of proline improves drought tolerance by modulating chlorophyll and intracellular proline contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased maize growth and yield by approximately 25%, including height, cob length, root dry weight, grains per cob and 100-grain weight.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit stress caused a significant decrease (by approximately 25%) in growth and yield of both maize varieties by decreasing plant height, cob length, dry root weight, grains per cob and 100-grain weight”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased chlorophyll and intercellular proline contents.
- Treatment
- Water deficit stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and intercellular proline contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit stress also decreased chlorophyll and intercellular proline contents”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit decreased CAT, POX and APX antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Treatment
- Water deficit stresse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activities viz. catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water deficit stress also decreased chlorophyll and intercellular proline contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities viz. catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar proline at 50 mM was more effective in increasing growth and yield in both varieties.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous application of proline (50 mM) was found to be more effective in increasing growth and yield of both varieties”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth and yield increases were associated with at least 15% higher chlorophyll and intracellular proline.
- Treatment
- prolinet0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and intracellular prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- at least 15%e0
- Qualifier
- These increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These increases were positively associated with increased levels (by at least 15%) of chlorophyll and intracellular proline”
t0“Exogenously Applied Proline Modulates Drought Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The increases were associated with enhanced CAT, POX and APX activities.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These increases were positively associated with increased levels (by at least 15%) of chlorophyll and intracellular proline, and enhanced activities of CAT, POX and APX enzymes in both varieties”
t0“Exogenously Applied Proline Modulates Drought Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline and water deficit interacted significantly for higher growth and yields.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction effects of exogenous proline and water deficit stress were significant in aspects of higher growth and yields”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline and water deficit interacted significantly for enhanced chlorophyll, intracellular proline and antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Treatment
- exogenous proline and water deficit stresse0
- Outcome
- levels of chlorophyll, intracellular proline and antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction effects of exogenous proline and water deficit stress were significant in aspects of higher growth and yields and enhanced levels of chlorophyll, intracellular proline and antioxidant enzyme activities”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that foliar proline improves drought tolerance through chlorophyll, intracellular proline and antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Treatment
- foliar application of prolinee0
- Outcome
- drought tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- modulating chlorophyll and intracellular proline contents, and antioxidant enzyme activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of proline improves drought tolerance by modulating chlorophyll and intracellular proline contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities”
t0“Maize (Zea mays L)”
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