Abstract
To successfully colonize the plants, the pathogenic microbes secrete a mass of effector proteins which manipulate host immunity. Apple valsa canker is a destructive disease caused by the weakly parasitic fungus Valsa mali . A previous study indicated that the V. mali effector protein 1 ( VmEP1 ) is an essential virulence factor. However, the pathogenic mechanism of VmEP1 in V . mali remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that the apple ( Malus domestica ) pathogenesis-related 10 proteins ( MdPR10 ) are the virulence target of VmEP1 using a yeast two-hybrid screening. By bimolecular fluorescence (BiFC) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP), we confirmed that the VmEP1 interacts with MdPR10 in vivo . Silencing of MdPR10 notably enhanced the V . mali infection, and overexpression of MdPR10 markedly reduced its infection, which corroborates its positive role in plant immunity against V . mali . Furthermore, we showed that the co-expression of VmEP1 with MdPR10 compromised the MdPR10 -mediated resistance to V . mali . Taken together, our results revealed a mechanism by which a V . mali effector protein suppresses the host immune responses by interfering with the MdPR10 -mediated resistance to V . mali during the infection.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Apple MdPR10 proteins were identified as the virulence target of VmEP1.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Gene
- MdPR10e0
- Outcome
- virulence target of VmEP1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the apple ( Malus domestica ) pathogenesis-related 10 proteins ( MdPR10 ) are the virulence target of VmEP1 using a yeast two-hybrid screening”
Claim · model-written summary
VmEP1 interacts with MdPR10 in vivo.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- MdPR10e0
- Outcome
- VmEP1 interacts with MdPR10 in vivoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple (Malus domestica)”
e0“the VmEP1 interacts with MdPR10 in vivo”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing MdPR10 enhanced V. mali infection.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Silencing of MdPR10e0
- Interactor
- V . maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Gene
- MdPR10e0
- Outcome
- V . mali infectione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple (Malus domestica)”
e0“Silencing of MdPR10 notably enhanced the V . mali infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of MdPR10 reduced V. mali infection.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- overexpression of MdPR10e0
- Interactor
- V . maliCytospora malie1pathogen
- Gene
- MdPR10e0
- Outcome
- infectione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple (Malus domestica)”
e0“overexpression of MdPR10 markedly reduced its infection”
e1“Silencing of MdPR10 notably enhanced the V . mali infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Coexpression of VmEP1 compromised MdPR10-mediated resistance to V. mali.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- co-expression of VmEP1 with MdPR10e0
- Interactor
- V . maliCytospora malie0pathogen
- Gene
- MdPR10e0
- Outcome
- MdPR10 -mediated resistance to V . malie0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Apple (Malus domestica)”
e0“the co-expression of VmEP1 with MdPR10 compromised the MdPR10 -mediated resistance to V . mali”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · Cytospora mali · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
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