Abstract
This study evaluates the influence of phosphorus (P) fertilization (without and with added P fertilizer) and soil moisture (stress and no-stress) on efficacy, fate, and transformation of soil applied micronutrients such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and Cu + Zn in a wheat and pea cropping sequence. Wheat was grown as first crop under controlled environment conditions in which micronutrient fertilizer treatments were applied, whereas pea was grown as following crop with recommended macronutrient fertilizers to understand the residual effects of micronutrient fertilization. The high-P fertilizer application and no-stress moisture condition produced the highest grain and straw yield of wheat. Without P fertilization, there were significant negative effects of a combined application of Cu and Zn on wheat yield in a Dark Gray Chernozem. Yield of the following pea crop did not show response to residual Cu and Zn. Micronutrient fertilization increased the Cu and Zn concentration in wheat and pea grain and straw and resulted in increased after-harvest availability and supply in soils. Apart from the increased concentration in labile fraction, a considerable amount of added Cu and Zn was occluded with organic matter and oxyhydroxide species, respectively. Molecular speciation analyses revealed that carbonate associated was the dominant form of Cu and Zn in the soils. Additional Cu species such as Cu-acetate and methoxide, and Zn species including Zn-sorbed montmorillonite species were identified. Insoluble Cu-phosphate and Zn-phosphate complexes were not identified by speciation analyses and do not appear to be a significant factor controlling Cu and Zn availability in these soils.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
High phosphorus and unstressed moisture gave the highest wheat grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- high-P fertilizer application and no-stress moisture conditione0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The high-P fertilizer application and no-stress moisture condition produced the highest grain and straw yield of wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined copper and zinc application without phosphorus significantly reduced wheat yield in a Dark Gray Chernozem.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combined application of Cu and Zne0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- negative effectse0
- Qualifier
- Without P fertilizatione0
- Setting
- Dark Gray Chernozeme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Without P fertilization, there were significant negative effects of a combined application of Cu and Zn on wheat yield in a Dark Gray Chernozem.”
Claim · model-written summary
Following pea yield did not respond to residual copper and zinc.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- residual Cu and Zne0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- did not show responsee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield of the following pea crop did not show response to residual Cu and Zn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient fertilization increased copper and zinc concentration in wheat grain and straw.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- grain and strawe0
- Treatment
- Micronutrient fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Cu and Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Micronutrient fertilization increased the Cu and Zn concentration in wheat and pea grain and straw”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient fertilization increased copper and zinc concentration in pea grain and straw.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- grain and strawe0
- Treatment
- Micronutrient fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Cu and Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Micronutrient fertilization increased the Cu and Zn concentration in wheat and pea grain and straw”
Claim · model-written summary
Micronutrient fertilization increased after-harvest soil copper and zinc availability and supply.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Micronutrient fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- after-harvest availability and supply in soilse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Micronutrient fertilization increased the Cu and Zn concentration in wheat and pea grain and straw and resulted in increased after-harvest availability and supply in soils.”
Claim · model-written summary
Added copper was substantially occluded with organic matter.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“a considerable amount of added Cu and Zn was occluded with organic matter and oxyhydroxide species, respectively”
t0“Zinc and copper interactions under variable soil phosphorus and moisture conditions in selected Saskatchewan soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Added zinc was substantially occluded with oxyhydroxide species.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“a considerable amount of added Cu and Zn was occluded with organic matter and oxyhydroxide species, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbonate-associated copper and zinc dominated soil speciation.
- Outcome
- dominant form of Cu and Zne0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“carbonate associated was the dominant form of Cu and Zn in the soils”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper acetate and methoxide species were identified in the soils.
- Outcome
- Cu-acetate and methoxidee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Additional Cu species such as Cu-acetate and methoxide, and Zn species including Zn-sorbed montmorillonite species were identified.”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc-sorbed montmorillonite species were identified in the soils.
- Outcome
- Zn-sorbed montmorillonite speciese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Zn-sorbed montmorillonite species were identified”
Claim · model-written summary
Insoluble copper phosphate and zinc phosphate complexes were not identified and appeared unlikely to control availability.
- Outcome
- Insoluble Cu-phosphate and Zn-phosphate complexese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Insoluble Cu-phosphate and Zn-phosphate complexes were not identified by speciation analyses and do not appear to be a significant factor controlling Cu and Zn availability in these soils.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →copper atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 63 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
71 papers more in this group
See all 75 papers →zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
54 papers in the same direction as this paper · 456 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
507 papers more in this group
See all 511 papers →copper atom · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →micronutrient · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
32 papers more in this group
See all 36 papers →phosphorus · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
523 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
568 papers more in this group
See all 572 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
853 papers in the same direction as this paper · 95 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
955 papers more in this group
See all 959 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.