Abstract
The increasing demand for water in arid areas requires looking for secondary water resources for irrigation, and this is the main goal of this study. For this purpose, pot experiment was carried out in the experimental greenhouses of the soils Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ., Egypt during the winter season of 2007/2008 to assess the quality of different irrigation water resources, i.e. fresh water from the River Nile as the control treatment, groundwater, drainage water and blended drainage water with fresh water. This is to evaluate the effect of irrigation with these water resources on quantitative and qualitative yield characteristics of spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and soil chemical properties at the end of the experiment. Results indicated that, the quality of irrigation water varied among the studied water resources, and the quality of the River Nile water was the highest. Consequently, it could be used for irrigating different field crops, with different soil conditions without any limitations. The SAR values of secondary water resources allow the irrigation in most soil conditions, but the sensitive plants for salinity, boron and chloride should be excluded from irrigation with the secondary water resources, even it was blended with fresh water. Spinach yield quantity, chlorophyll content and nutrients concentration insignificantly decreased through irrigation with secondary water resources, whereas sodium concentration significantly increased. On the other hand, soil salinity, soluble cations and anions were high significantly increased through irrigation with the secondary water resources, whereas soil pH was insignificantly increased.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary water resources slightly decreased spinach yield quantity, without significance.
- Taxon
- Spinach
Spinacia oleraceae0 - Treatment
- irrigation with secondary water resourcese0
- Outcome
- Spinach yield quantitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spinach yield quantity, chlorophyll content and nutrients concentration insignificantly decreased through irrigation with secondary water resources”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary water resources slightly decreased spinach chlorophyll content, without significance.
- Taxon
- SpinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- irrigation with secondary water resourcese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spinach yield quantity, chlorophyll content and nutrients concentration insignificantly decreased through irrigation with secondary water resources”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary water resources slightly decreased spinach nutrient concentration, without significance.
- Taxon
- SpinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- irrigation with secondary water resourcese0
- Outcome
- nutrients concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spinach yield quantity, chlorophyll content and nutrients concentration insignificantly decreased through irrigation with secondary water resources”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary water resources significantly increased spinach sodium concentration.
- Taxon
- SpinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- irrigation with secondary water resourcese0
- Outcome
- sodium concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spinach yield quantity, chlorophyll content and nutrients concentration insignificantly decreased through irrigation with secondary water resources, whereas sodium concentration significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary water resources significantly increased soil salinity and soluble cations and anions.
- Taxon
- SPINACHSpinacia oleraceat0
- Treatment
- irrigation with the secondary water resourcese0
- Outcome
- soil salinity, soluble cations and anionse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil salinity, soluble cations and anions were high significantly increased through irrigation with the secondary water resources”
t0“SPINACH”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary water resources increased soil pH without significance.
- Taxon
- SPINACHSpinacia oleraceat0
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil pH was insignificantly increased”
t0“SPINACH”
Claim · model-written summary
River Nile water had the highest quality among the tested irrigation water sources.
- Taxon
- SPINACHSpinacia oleraceat0
- Outcome
- quality of the River Nile watere0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the quality of irrigation water varied among the studied water resources, and the quality of the River Nile water was the highest”
t0“SPINACH”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors considered River Nile water suitable for irrigating field crops without limitations.
Verbatim
e0“it could be used for irrigating different field crops, with different soil conditions without any limitations”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advised excluding salinity-, boron- and chloride-sensitive plants from secondary-water irrigation.
- Taxon
- sensitive plants
Mimosa pudicae0 - Outcome
- excluded from irrigation with the secondary water resourcese0
- Qualifier
- even it was blended with fresh watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sensitive plants for salinity, boron and chloride should be excluded from irrigation with the secondary water resources, even it was blended with fresh water”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.