Abstract
미량원소인 붕소(B)의 시비농도를 인위적으로 조절한 관비용액으로 '금향', '매향' 및 '설향' 딸기를 재배하면서 시비수준이 생육에 미치는 영향, 생육을 우수하게 유지할 수 있는 식물체의 한계농도, 그리고 B 과잉시비로 유발되는 생리장해의 특징을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 0.25mM B 시비구에서 세 종류 딸기 품종의 생체중 및 건물 중이 가장 무거웠고 관부직경도 가장 굵었지만 B 시비농도가 높아짐에 지상부 생장량이 급격하게 감소하였다. B가 과다하게 시비되면 신생엽에서는 황화현상, 중간에 위치한 잎들에서는 잎 가장자리의 갈변 및 괴사현상, 그리고 하위엽들이 괴사하면서 안쪽으로 말리는 증상이 나타났다. 하위엽에서 나타나는 증상은 '금향'의 경우 2mM 이상의 처리구, '매향'과 '설향'은 0.5mM 이상의 시비구에서 잎 선단부의 갈변 및 괴사, 그리고 잎 내부에 갈변 및 괴사현상이 나타났다. B 시비농도가 증가하여도 다량원소중 양이온인 K, Ca 및 Mg 함량에는 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 음이온인 인산 함량이 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. B 시비농도가 증가할 때 '금향'과 '설향' 딸기에서 Fe 함량이 감소하였으며, Zn 함량이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 건물중에 기초한 지상부 생장량의 90%와 이 때의 B 함량을 정상생육을 위한 최대한계점으로 간주할 때 '금향', '매향' 및 '설향' 딸기에서 식물체내 B 함량이 각각 25.1, 44.2 및 $62.5mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ 이하를 유지하도록 B 시비농도를 조절하여야 과잉피해를 방지할 수 있다고 판단하였다. Diagnosis of nutrient disorders in cultivating crops is based on the visual symptoms and results of soil and plant analysis. This study was carried out to investigate the influence of B concentrations in fertilizer solution on the growth of and nutrient uptake by domestically bred strawberries. Tissue analysis based on the dry weight were also conducted to determine the threshold levels in plants when toxicity developed in boron. The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated. The fresh and dry weights were heavier and crown diameters were thicker in the 0.25 mM boron treatment than the other treatments tested. The toxicity symptoms of boron appeared on the older leaves of three strawberry cultivars while interveinal chlorosis symptoms appeared on the young leaves of 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries. The toxicity symptoms in lower leaves were developed when B concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 2 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 0.5 mM in 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries. The elevated boron concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue K, Ca, and Mg contents, but influenced the phosphorus contents with decreasing tendency. The tissue Fe and Zn contents decreased and increased, respectively, as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated. When the concentration of boron at which the growth of a plant is retarded by 10% is regarded as a upper threshold level, the boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 25.1, 44.2, and 62.5 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolhyang' strawberries, respectively.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Seriously restricted strawberry growth with rising boron concentration in the fertilizer solution.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Material
- three strawberry cultivarse0
- Treatment
- B concentrations in fertilizer solutione0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- seriously restrictede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
Claim · model-written summary
The 0.25 mM boron treatment gave the heaviest fresh and dry weights of strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 0.25 mM boron treatmente1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse1
- Direction
- heaviere1
- Comparator
- the other treatments testede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e1“The fresh and dry weights were heavier and crown diameters were thicker in the 0.25 mM boron treatment than the other treatments tested”
Claim · model-written summary
The 0.25 mM boron treatment gave the thickest strawberry crown diameters.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- 0.25 mM boron treatmente1
- Outcome
- crown diameterse1
- Direction
- thickere1
- Comparator
- the other treatments testede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e1“The fresh and dry weights were heavier and crown diameters were thicker in the 0.25 mM boron treatment than the other treatments tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron toxicity symptoms appeared on the older leaves of three strawberry cultivars.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- three strawberry cultivarse2
- Organ / stage
- older leavese2
- Outcome
- toxicity symptoms of borone2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e2“The toxicity symptoms of boron appeared on the older leaves of three strawberry cultivars while interveinal chlorosis symptoms appeared on the young leaves of 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Interveinal chlorosis appeared on the young leaves of Keumhyang and Seolhyang strawberries.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae2
- Material
- 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang'e2
- Organ / stage
- young leavese2
- Outcome
- interveinal chlorosis symptomse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The toxicity symptoms of boron appeared on the older leaves of three strawberry cultivars while interveinal chlorosis symptoms appeared on the young leaves of 'Keumhyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
In Keumhyang strawberry, lower-leaf toxicity symptoms developed when the fertilizer solution exceeded 2 mM boron.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- 'Keumhyang'e3
- Organ / stage
- lower leavese3
- Treatment
- B concentrations in fertilizer solutione3
- Outcome
- toxicity symptoms in lower leavese3
- Value
- 2 mMe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e3“The toxicity symptoms in lower leaves were developed when B concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 2 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 0.5 mM in 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
In Maehyang and Seolhyang strawberry, lower-leaf toxicity symptoms developed when the fertilizer solution exceeded 0.5 mM boron.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang'e3
- Organ / stage
- lower leavese3
- Treatment
- B concentrations in fertilizer solutione3
- Outcome
- toxicity symptoms in lower leavese3
- Value
- 0.5 mMe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e3“The toxicity symptoms in lower leaves were developed when B concentrations in fertilizer solution were higher than 2 mM in 'Keumhyang' and 0.5 mM in 'Maehyang' and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron in the fertilizer solution did not change tissue K, Ca and Mg contents.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- elevated boron concentrations in fertilizer solutione4
- Outcome
- tissue K, Ca, and Mg contentse4
- Direction
- did not influencee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e4“The elevated boron concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue K, Ca, and Mg contents, but influenced the phosphorus contents with decreasing tendency”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron in the fertilizer solution decreased tissue phosphorus content.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- elevated boron concentrations in fertilizer solutione4
- Outcome
- phosphorus contentse4
- Direction
- decreasing tendencye4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e4“The elevated boron concentrations in fertilizer solution did not influence the tissue K, Ca, and Mg contents, but influenced the phosphorus contents with decreasing tendency”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron in the fertilizer solution decreased tissue Fe content.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevatede5
- Outcome
- tissue Fee5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e5“The tissue Fe and Zn contents decreased and increased, respectively, as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron in the fertilizer solution increased tissue Zn content.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevatede5
- Outcome
- Zn contentse5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e5“The tissue Fe and Zn contents decreased and increased, respectively, as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
Claim · model-written summary
Keumhyang strawberry should keep above-ground boron content below 25.1 on a dry-weight basis.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- 'Keumhyang'e6
- Outcome
- boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissuee6
- Value
- 25.1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e6“the boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 25.1, 44.2, and 62.5 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Maehyang strawberry should keep above-ground boron content below 44.2 on a dry-weight basis.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- 'Maehyang'e6
- Outcome
- boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissuee6
- Value
- 44.2e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e6“the boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 25.1, 44.2, and 62.5 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
Claim · model-written summary
Seolhyang strawberry should keep above-ground boron content below 62.5 on a dry-weight basis.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Material
- 'Seolhyang'e6
- Outcome
- boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissuee6
- Value
- 62.5e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth was seriously restricted in the three strawberry cultivars as the B concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated”
e6“the boron contents based on dry weight of above ground plant tissue should be lower than 25.1, 44.2, and 62.5 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in 'Keumhyang', 'Maehyang', and 'Seolhyang' strawberries”
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