Abstract
Adjustment of sowing date and nitrogen (N) use help alleviate farmland contradiction under fluctuating climate in Jianghuai region of China. In this study, two wheat varieties were used to study the interactive effect between two sowing dates and two basal to topdressing ratios of N fertilizer, each treatment of eight combinations arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in two consecutive growth seasons of bread wheat. As results of two years of investigation, wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield. An increase in the proportion of topdressed N led to an increase in flag leaf angle and leaf area index, and a lower spike number per unit and thousand kernel weight, to indicate a loss of grain yield. These findings suggest that excessively delayed sowing date and high N topdressing ratios severely affected the canopy structure and thousand kernel weight of bread wheat, and subsequently reduced grain yield. Based on membership function analysis, a sowing date of 25 October coupled with the N topdressing ratio of 7:3 (the basal to topdressing ratios of N fertilizer) was the ideal combination to optimize the wheat industry in Jianghuai region of China.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
excessively delayed sowing date changed flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- excessively delayed sowing datee0
- Outcome
- flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike lengthe0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
excessively delayed sowing date changed photosynthesis rate.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- excessively delayed sowing datee0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis ratee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
excessively delayed sowing date changed basic seedling number.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- excessively delayed sowing datee0
- Outcome
- basic seedling numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
excessively delayed sowing date changed transpiration rate.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- excessively delayed sowing datee0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
excessively delayed sowing date changed thousand kernel weight and grain yield.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- excessively delayed sowing datee0
- Outcome
- thousand kernel weight and grain yielde0
- Direction
- losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“wheat plants with an excessively delayed sowing date showed a significant reduction in flag leaf angle, flag leaf area, main stem spike length and photosynthesis rate, yet a increased basic seedling number and transpiration rate, which corresponded to a notable loss in thousand kernel weight and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
increase in the proportion of topdressed N changed flag leaf angle and leaf area index.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the proportion of topdressed Ne0
- Outcome
- flag leaf angle and leaf area indexe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“An increase in the proportion of topdressed N led to an increase in flag leaf angle and leaf area index, and a lower spike number per unit and thousand kernel weight, to indicate a loss of grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
increase in the proportion of topdressed N changed spike number per unit and thousand kernel weight.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the proportion of topdressed Ne0
- Outcome
- spike number per unit and thousand kernel weighte0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“An increase in the proportion of topdressed N led to an increase in flag leaf angle and leaf area index, and a lower spike number per unit and thousand kernel weight, to indicate a loss of grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
increase in the proportion of topdressed N changed grain yield.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increase in the proportion of topdressed Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“An increase in the proportion of topdressed N led to an increase in flag leaf angle and leaf area index, and a lower spike number per unit and thousand kernel weight, to indicate a loss of grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify 25 October sowing with a 7:3 basal to topdressing N ratio as the ideal combination.
- Taxon
- BREAD WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- a sowing date of 25 October coupled with the N topdressing ratio of 7:3e0
- Setting
- Jianghuai region of Chinae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“BREAD WHEAT”
e0“a sowing date of 25 October coupled with the N topdressing ratio of 7:3 (the basal to topdressing ratios of N fertilizer) was the ideal combination to optimize the wheat industry in Jianghuai region of China”
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