Abstract
To investigate the effects of lactic acid bacterial (LAB) inoculants and vacuuming on the fermentation quality and bacterial community, alfalfas were ensiled with or without a commercial LAB YX or Lactobacillus plantarum strain ZZUA493 for 10, 30, 60, and 90 days while undergoing either vacuum (V) or nonvacuum (NV) treatment. At 90 days, analysis of the microbial community by high-throughput sequencing was performed, and contents of aflatoxin B1 and deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxins in alfalfa silage were determined. In all inoculated alfalfa silage, irrespective of V or NV treatment, lactic acid (LA) content increased, pH (p < 0.05), and ammonia nitrogen (p < 0.05) content decreased, and no butyric acid was detected. Lactobacillus or Pediococcus became the dominant genus, and the abundance of Garciella decreased in alfalfa silage with the addition of either inoculant. The LAB inoculants YX and ZZUA493 helped reduce the mycotoxin content in alfalfa silage. The abundance of Garciella in the control and DON content in all alfalfa silage groups were higher (p < 0.05) in NV than V. In summary, LAB inoculants and vacuuming had a positive influence on alfalfa silage quality, and LAB inoculants were effective in reducing mycotoxins in silage alfalfa.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
LAB inoculation increased lactic acid content in alfalfa silage.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- lactic acid (LA) contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all inoculated alfalfa silage, irrespective of V or NV treatment, lactic acid (LA) content increased”
Claim · model-written summary
LAB inoculation decreased pH and ammonia nitrogen content in alfalfa silage.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“pH (p < 0.05), and ammonia nitrogen (p < 0.05) content decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
No butyric acid was detected in inoculated alfalfa silage.
- Outcome
- no butyric acid was detectede0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“and no butyric acid was detected”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactobacillus or Pediococcus became dominant after inoculant addition.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“Lactobacillus or Pediococcus became the dominant genus”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculant addition decreased Garciella abundance in alfalfa silage.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- addition of either inoculante0
- Outcome
- abundance of Garciellae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the abundance of Garciella decreased in alfalfa silage with the addition of either inoculant”
Claim · model-written summary
YX and ZZUA493 reduced mycotoxin content in alfalfa silage.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- LAB inoculants YX and ZZUA493e0
- Outcome
- mycotoxin contente0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LAB inoculants YX and ZZUA493 helped reduce the mycotoxin content in alfalfa silage”
Claim · model-written summary
Garciella abundance in controls was higher under nonvacuum than vacuum treatment.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- NVe0
- Outcome
- abundance of Garciellae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Ve0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of Garciella in the control and DON content in all alfalfa silage groups were higher (p < 0.05) in NV than V”
Claim · model-written summary
DON content in alfalfa silage was higher under nonvacuum than vacuum treatment.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DON content in all alfalfa silage groups were higher (p < 0.05) in NV than V”
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