Abstract
Planting service crops (SCs) with late summer manure applications has been promoted as an agronomic practice to capture manure nitrogen (N) and release it to the following season’s cash crop, thereby reducing fertilizer N requirements. The present study explored this hypothesis using a cereal rye ( Secale cereale L.) monoculture SC, along with two polyculture SCs (4 species and 12 species) both containing rye, planted after winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) harvest, in systems with and without liquid hog manure. The following spring, SC regrowth was chemically terminated 1 week prior to corn ( Zea mays L.) planting, and a sidedress N application was made at the 6–8 leaf stage to half of the plots. Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years, even though SCs did not reduce soil mineral N nor partial plant-available N over the corn-growing season. Additionally, the sidedress N application could not overcome the yield loss associated with rye. Thus, this study did not observe N release by SCs to the following cash crop and demonstrates that yield loss can occur when corn follows rye SCs irrespective of changes in plant available N. This research reinforces the importance of selecting appropriate species and their proportions in polycultures, to mitigate negative impacts of SCs, especially those of rye on corn.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Rye monoculture service crops reduced corn N accumulation and final grain yield by up to 20% in both years.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- rye monoculturee0
- Outcome
- Corn N accumulation and final grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- in both yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
Service crops did not reduce soil mineral N or partial plant-available N over the corn-growing season.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- SCse2
- Outcome
- soil mineral N nor partial plant-available Ne2
- Direction
- did not reducee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years”
e2“SCs did not reduce soil mineral N nor partial plant-available N over the corn-growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Service crops did not release N to the following cash crop.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- SCse3
- Outcome
- N releasee3
- Direction
- did not observee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years”
e3“this study did not observe N release by SCs to the following cash crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Sidedress N application could not overcome the corn yield loss associated with rye.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- sidedress N applicatione4
- Outcome
- yield loss associated with ryee4
- Direction
- could not overcomee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years”
e4“the sidedress N application could not overcome the yield loss associated with rye”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield loss can occur when corn follows rye service crops irrespective of plant-available N changes.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- rye SCse5
- Outcome
- yield losse5
- Direction
- can occure5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years”
e5“yield loss can occur when corn follows rye SCs irrespective of changes in plant available N”
Claim · model-written summary
Selecting appropriate species and their proportions in polycultures is important to mitigate negative impacts of rye service crops on corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Outcome
- selecting appropriate species and their proportions in polyculturese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn N accumulation and final grain yield were reduced up to 20% following the rye monoculture in both years”
e6“This research reinforces the importance of selecting appropriate species and their proportions in polycultures, to mitigate negative impacts of SCs, especially those of rye on corn”
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